openmw-tes3coop/apps/master/SimpleWeb/utility.hpp

#pragma once

#include "status_code.hpp"
#include <atomic>
#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>

namespace SimpleWeb {
    inline bool case_insensitive_equal(const std::string &str1, const std::string &str2) noexcept {
        return str1.size() == str2.size() &&
               std::equal(str1.begin(), str1.end(), str2.begin(), [](char a, char b) {
                   return tolower(a) == tolower(b);
               });
    }
    class CaseInsensitiveEqual {
    public:
        bool operator()(const std::string &str1, const std::string &str2) const noexcept {
            return case_insensitive_equal(str1, str2);
        }
    };
    // Based on https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2590677/how-do-i-combine-hash-values-in-c0x/2595226#2595226
    class CaseInsensitiveHash {
    public:
        size_t operator()(const std::string &str) const noexcept {
            size_t h = 0;
            std::hash<int> hash;
            for(auto c : str)
                h ^= hash(tolower(c)) + 0x9e3779b9 + (h << 6) + (h >> 2);
            return h;
        }
    };

    using CaseInsensitiveMultimap = std::unordered_multimap<std::string, std::string, CaseInsensitiveHash, CaseInsensitiveEqual>;

    /// Percent encoding and decoding
    class Percent {
    public:
        /// Returns percent-encoded string
        static std::string encode(const std::string &value) noexcept {
            static auto hex_chars = "0123456789ABCDEF";

            std::string result;
            result.reserve(value.size()); // Minimum size of result

            for(auto &chr : value) {
                if(chr == ' ')
                    result += '+';
                else if(chr == '!' || chr == '#' || chr == '$' || (chr >= '&' && chr <= ',') || (chr >= '/' && chr <= ';') || chr == '=' || chr == '?' || chr == '@' || chr == '[' || chr == ']')
                    result += std::string("%") + hex_chars[chr >> 4] + hex_chars[chr & 15];
                else
                    result += chr;
            }

            return result;
        }

        /// Returns percent-decoded string
        static std::string decode(const std::string &value) noexcept {
            std::string result;
            result.reserve(value.size() / 3 + (value.size() % 3)); // Minimum size of result

            for(size_t i = 0; i < value.size(); ++i) {
                auto &chr = value[i];
                if(chr == '%' && i + 2 < value.size()) {
                    auto hex = value.substr(i + 1, 2);
                    auto decoded_chr = static_cast<char>(std::strtol(hex.c_str(), nullptr, 16));
                    result += decoded_chr;
                    i += 2;
                }
                else if(chr == '+')
                    result += ' ';
                else
                    result += chr;
            }

            return result;
        }
    };

    /// Query string creation and parsing
    class QueryString {
    public:
        /// Returns query string created from given field names and values
        static std::string create(const CaseInsensitiveMultimap &fields) noexcept {
            std::string result;

            bool first = true;
            for(auto &field : fields) {
                result += (!first ? "&" : "") + field.first + '=' + Percent::encode(field.second);
                first = false;
            }

            return result;
        }

        /// Returns query keys with percent-decoded values.
        static CaseInsensitiveMultimap parse(const std::string &query_string) noexcept {
            CaseInsensitiveMultimap result;

            if(query_string.empty())
                return result;

            size_t name_pos = 0;
            auto name_end_pos = std::string::npos;
            auto value_pos = std::string::npos;
            for(size_t c = 0; c < query_string.size(); ++c) {
                if(query_string[c] == '&') {
                    auto name = query_string.substr(name_pos, (name_end_pos == std::string::npos ? c : name_end_pos) - name_pos);
                    if(!name.empty()) {
                        auto value = value_pos == std::string::npos ? std::string() : query_string.substr(value_pos, c - value_pos);
                        result.emplace(std::move(name), Percent::decode(value));
                    }
                    name_pos = c + 1;
                    name_end_pos = std::string::npos;
                    value_pos = std::string::npos;
                }
                else if(query_string[c] == '=') {
                    name_end_pos = c;
                    value_pos = c + 1;
                }
            }
            if(name_pos < query_string.size()) {
                auto name = query_string.substr(name_pos, name_end_pos - name_pos);
                if(!name.empty()) {
                    auto value = value_pos >= query_string.size() ? std::string() : query_string.substr(value_pos);
                    result.emplace(std::move(name), Percent::decode(value));
                }
            }

            return result;
        }
    };

    class HttpHeader {
    public:
        /// Parse header fields
        static CaseInsensitiveMultimap parse(std::istream &stream) noexcept {
            CaseInsensitiveMultimap result;
            std::string line;
            getline(stream, line);
            size_t param_end;
            while((param_end = line.find(':')) != std::string::npos) {
                size_t value_start = param_end + 1;
                if(value_start < line.size()) {
                    if(line[value_start] == ' ')
                        value_start++;
                    if(value_start < line.size())
                        result.emplace(line.substr(0, param_end), line.substr(value_start, line.size() - value_start - 1));
                }

                getline(stream, line);
            }
            return result;
        }
    };

    class RequestMessage {
    public:
        /// Parse request line and header fields
        static bool parse(std::istream &stream, std::string &method, std::string &path, std::string &query_string, std::string &version, CaseInsensitiveMultimap &header) noexcept {
            header.clear();
            std::string line;
            getline(stream, line);
            size_t method_end;
            if((method_end = line.find(' ')) != std::string::npos) {
                method = line.substr(0, method_end);

                size_t query_start = std::string::npos;
                size_t path_and_query_string_end = std::string::npos;
                for(size_t i = method_end + 1; i < line.size(); ++i) {
                    if(line[i] == '?' && (i + 1) < line.size())
                        query_start = i + 1;
                    else if(line[i] == ' ') {
                        path_and_query_string_end = i;
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if(path_and_query_string_end != std::string::npos) {
                    if(query_start != std::string::npos) {
                        path = line.substr(method_end + 1, query_start - method_end - 2);
                        query_string = line.substr(query_start, path_and_query_string_end - query_start);
                    }
                    else
                        path = line.substr(method_end + 1, path_and_query_string_end - method_end - 1);

                    size_t protocol_end;
                    if((protocol_end = line.find('/', path_and_query_string_end + 1)) != std::string::npos) {
                        if(line.compare(path_and_query_string_end + 1, protocol_end - path_and_query_string_end - 1, "HTTP") != 0)
                            return false;
                        version = line.substr(protocol_end + 1, line.size() - protocol_end - 2);
                    }
                    else
                        return false;

                    header = HttpHeader::parse(stream);
                }
                else
                    return false;
            }
            else
                return false;
            return true;
        }
    };

    class ResponseMessage {
    public:
        /// Parse status line and header fields
        static bool parse(std::istream &stream, std::string &version, std::string &status_code, CaseInsensitiveMultimap &header) noexcept {
            header.clear();
            std::string line;
            getline(stream, line);
            size_t version_end = line.find(' ');
            if(version_end != std::string::npos) {
                if(5 < line.size())
                    version = line.substr(5, version_end - 5);
                else
                    return false;
                if((version_end + 1) < line.size())
                    status_code = line.substr(version_end + 1, line.size() - (version_end + 1) - 1);
                else
                    return false;

                header = HttpHeader::parse(stream);
            }
            else
                return false;
            return true;
        }
    };

    class ContentDisposition {
    public:
        /// Can be used to parse the Content-Disposition header field value when
        /// clients are posting requests with enctype="multipart/form-data"
        static CaseInsensitiveMultimap parse(const std::string &line) {
            CaseInsensitiveMultimap result;

            size_t para_start_pos = 0;
            size_t para_end_pos = std::string::npos;
            size_t value_start_pos = std::string::npos;
            for(size_t c = 0; c < line.size(); ++c) {
                if(para_start_pos != std::string::npos) {
                    if(para_end_pos == std::string::npos) {
                        if(line[c] == ';') {
                            result.emplace(line.substr(para_start_pos, c - para_start_pos), std::string());
                            para_start_pos = std::string::npos;
                        }
                        else if(line[c] == '=')
                            para_end_pos = c;
                    }
                    else {
                        if(value_start_pos == std::string::npos) {
                            if(line[c] == '"' && c + 1 < line.size())
                                value_start_pos = c + 1;
                        }
                        else if(line[c] == '"') {
                            result.emplace(line.substr(para_start_pos, para_end_pos - para_start_pos), line.substr(value_start_pos, c - value_start_pos));
                            para_start_pos = std::string::npos;
                            para_end_pos = std::string::npos;
                            value_start_pos = std::string::npos;
                        }
                    }
                }
                else if(line[c] != ' ' && line[c] != ';')
                    para_start_pos = c;
            }
            if(para_start_pos != std::string::npos && para_end_pos == std::string::npos)
                result.emplace(line.substr(para_start_pos), std::string());

            return result;
        }
    };
} // namespace SimpleWeb

#ifdef __SSE2__
#include <emmintrin.h>
namespace SimpleWeb {
    inline void spin_loop_pause() noexcept { _mm_pause(); }
} // namespace SimpleWeb
// TODO: need verification that the following checks are correct:
#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1800 && (defined(_M_X64) || defined(_M_IX86))
#include <intrin.h>
namespace SimpleWeb {
  inline void spin_loop_pause() noexcept { _mm_pause(); }
} // namespace SimpleWeb
#else
namespace SimpleWeb {
  inline void spin_loop_pause() noexcept {}
} // namespace SimpleWeb
#endif

namespace SimpleWeb {
    /// Makes it possible to for instance cancel Asio handlers without stopping asio::io_service
    class ScopeRunner {
        /// Scope count that is set to -1 if scopes are to be canceled
        std::atomic<long> count;

    public:
        class SharedLock {
            friend class ScopeRunner;
            std::atomic<long> &count;
            SharedLock(std::atomic<long> &count) noexcept : count(count) {}
            SharedLock &operator=(const SharedLock &) = delete;
            SharedLock(const SharedLock &) = delete;

        public:
            ~SharedLock() noexcept {
                count.fetch_sub(1);
            }
        };

        ScopeRunner() noexcept : count(0) {}

        /// Returns nullptr if scope should be exited, or a shared lock otherwise
        std::unique_ptr<SharedLock> continue_lock() noexcept {
            long expected = count;
            while(expected >= 0 && !count.compare_exchange_weak(expected, expected + 1))
                spin_loop_pause();

            if(expected < 0)
                return nullptr;
            else
                return std::unique_ptr<SharedLock>(new SharedLock(count));
        }

        /// Blocks until all shared locks are released, then prevents future shared locks
        void stop() noexcept {
            long expected = 0;
            while(!count.compare_exchange_weak(expected, -1)) {
                if(expected < 0)
                    return;
                expected = 0;
                spin_loop_pause();
            }
        }
    };
} // namespace SimpleWeb