Modify projectile collision to work with async physics

apps/openmw/mwbase/world.hpp

@@ -610,8 +610,6 @@ namespace MWBase
 
             virtual bool isPlayerInJail() const = 0;
 
-            virtual void manualProjectileHit(int projectileId, const MWWorld::Ptr& target, const osg::Vec3f& pos) = 0;
-
             virtual void rest(double hours) = 0;
             virtual void rechargeItems(double duration, bool activeOnly) = 0;
 

apps/openmw/mwphysics/closestnotmeconvexresultcallback.cpp

@@ -26,12 +26,13 @@ namespace MWPhysics
         if (convexResult.m_hitCollisionObject->getBroadphaseHandle()->m_collisionFilterGroup == CollisionType_Projectile)
         {
             Projectile* projectileHolder = static_cast<Projectile*>(convexResult.m_hitCollisionObject->getUserPointer());
-            int projectileId = projectileHolder->getProjectileId();
+            if (!projectileHolder->isActive())
+                return btScalar(1);
             PtrHolder* targetHolder = static_cast<PtrHolder*>(mMe->getUserPointer());
             const MWWorld::Ptr target = targetHolder->getPtr();
 
             osg::Vec3f pos = Misc::Convert::makeOsgVec3f(convexResult.m_hitPointLocal);
-            MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->manualProjectileHit(projectileId, target, pos);
+            projectileHolder->hit(target, pos);
             return btScalar(1);
         }
 

apps/openmw/mwphysics/mtphysics.cpp

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include "mtphysics.hpp"
 #include "object.hpp"
 #include "physicssystem.hpp"
+#include "projectile.hpp"
 
 namespace
 {
@@ -455,6 +456,11 @@ namespace MWPhysics
                 object->commitPositionChange();
                 mCollisionWorld->updateSingleAabb(object->getCollisionObject());
             }
+            else if (const auto projectile = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<Projectile>(p))
+            {
+                projectile->commitPositionChange();
+                mCollisionWorld->updateSingleAabb(projectile->getCollisionObject());
+            }
         };
     }
 

apps/openmw/mwphysics/physicssystem.cpp

@@ -115,11 +115,7 @@ namespace MWPhysics
 
         mObjects.clear();
         mActors.clear();
-
-        for (ProjectileMap::iterator it = mProjectiles.begin(); it != mProjectiles.end(); ++it)
-        {
-            delete it->second;
-        }
+        mProjectiles.clear();
     }
 
     void PhysicsSystem::setUnrefQueue(SceneUtil::UnrefQueue *unrefQueue)
@@ -255,7 +251,7 @@ namespace MWPhysics
         return 0.f;
     }
 
-    PhysicsSystem::RayResult PhysicsSystem::castRay(const osg::Vec3f &from, const osg::Vec3f &to, const MWWorld::ConstPtr& ignore, std::vector<MWWorld::Ptr> targets, int mask, int group, int projId) const
+    RayCastingResult PhysicsSystem::castRay(const osg::Vec3f &from, const osg::Vec3f &to, const MWWorld::ConstPtr& ignore, std::vector<MWWorld::Ptr> targets, int mask, int group, int projId) const
     {
         if (from == to)
         {
@@ -305,17 +301,7 @@ namespace MWPhysics
             result.mHitPos = Misc::Convert::toOsg(resultCallback.m_hitPointWorld);
             result.mHitNormal = Misc::Convert::toOsg(resultCallback.m_hitNormalWorld);
             if (PtrHolder* ptrHolder = static_cast<PtrHolder*>(resultCallback.m_collisionObject->getUserPointer()))
-            {
                 result.mHitObject = ptrHolder->getPtr();
-
-                if (group == CollisionType_Projectile)
-                {
-                    Projectile* projectile = static_cast<Projectile*>(ptrHolder);
-                    result.mProjectileId = projectile->getProjectileId();
-                }
-                else
-                    result.mProjectileId = -1;
-            }
         }
         return result;
     }
@@ -523,13 +509,7 @@ namespace MWPhysics
     {
         ProjectileMap::iterator foundProjectile = mProjectiles.find(projectileId);
         if (foundProjectile != mProjectiles.end())
-        {
-            delete foundProjectile->second;
             mProjectiles.erase(foundProjectile);
-
-            if (projectileId == mProjectileId)
-                mProjectileId--;
-        }
     }
 
     void PhysicsSystem::updatePtr(const MWWorld::Ptr &old, const MWWorld::Ptr &updated)
@@ -583,6 +563,14 @@ namespace MWPhysics
         return nullptr;
     }
 
+    Projectile* PhysicsSystem::getProjectile(int projectileId) const
+    {
+        ProjectileMap::const_iterator found = mProjectiles.find(projectileId);
+        if (found != mProjectiles.end())
+            return found->second.get();
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
     void PhysicsSystem::updateScale(const MWWorld::Ptr &ptr)
     {
         ObjectMap::iterator found = mObjects.find(ptr);
@@ -608,7 +596,7 @@ namespace MWPhysics
         if (foundProjectile != mProjectiles.end())
         {
             foundProjectile->second->setPosition(position);
-            mCollisionWorld->updateSingleAabb(foundProjectile->second->getCollisionObject());
+            mTaskScheduler->updateSingleAabb(foundProjectile->second);
             return;
         }
     }
@@ -676,8 +664,8 @@ namespace MWPhysics
     int PhysicsSystem::addProjectile (const osg::Vec3f& position)
     {
         mProjectileId++;
-        Projectile* projectile = new Projectile(mProjectileId, position, mCollisionWorld);
-        mProjectiles.insert(std::make_pair(mProjectileId, projectile));
+        auto projectile = std::make_shared<Projectile>(mProjectileId, position, mTaskScheduler.get());
+        mProjectiles.emplace(mProjectileId, std::move(projectile));
 
         return mProjectileId;
     }

apps/openmw/mwphysics/physicssystem.hpp

@@ -139,6 +139,8 @@ namespace MWPhysics
 
             const Object* getObject(const MWWorld::ConstPtr& ptr) const;
 
+            Projectile* getProjectile(int projectileId) const;
+
             // Object or Actor
             void remove (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr);
 
@@ -173,15 +175,6 @@ namespace MWPhysics
             /// \note Only Actor targets are supported at the moment.
             float getHitDistance(const osg::Vec3f& point, const MWWorld::ConstPtr& target) const override;
 
-            struct RayResult
-            {
-                bool mHit;
-                osg::Vec3f mHitPos;
-                osg::Vec3f mHitNormal;
-                MWWorld::Ptr mHitObject;
-                int mProjectileId;
-            };
-
             /// @param me Optional, a Ptr to ignore in the list of results. targets are actors to filter for, ignoring all other actors.
             RayCastingResult castRay(const osg::Vec3f &from, const osg::Vec3f &to, const MWWorld::ConstPtr& ignore = MWWorld::ConstPtr(),
                     std::vector<MWWorld::Ptr> targets = std::vector<MWWorld::Ptr>(),
@@ -282,7 +275,7 @@ namespace MWPhysics
 
             ActorMap mActors;
 
-            using ProjectileMap = std::map<int, Projectile *>;
+            using ProjectileMap = std::map<int, std::shared_ptr<Projectile>>;
             ProjectileMap mProjectiles;
 
             using HeightFieldMap = std::map<std::pair<int, int>, HeightField *>;
@@ -295,7 +288,7 @@ namespace MWPhysics
 
             float mTimeAccum;
 
-            int mProjectileId;
+            unsigned int mProjectileId;
 
             float mWaterHeight;
             bool mWaterEnabled;

apps/openmw/mwphysics/projectile.cpp

@@ -1,24 +1,28 @@
-#include "projectile.hpp"
+#include <memory>
 
 #include <BulletCollision/CollisionShapes/btSphereShape.h>
 #include <BulletCollision/CollisionDispatch/btCollisionWorld.h>
 
-#include <components/sceneutil/positionattitudetransform.hpp>
-#include <components/resource/bulletshape.hpp>
+#include <LinearMath/btVector3.h>
+
 #include <components/debug/debuglog.hpp>
 #include <components/misc/convert.hpp>
+#include <components/resource/bulletshape.hpp>
+#include <components/sceneutil/positionattitudetransform.hpp>
 
 #include "../mwworld/class.hpp"
 
 #include "collisiontype.hpp"
+#include "mtphysics.hpp"
+#include "projectile.hpp"
 
 namespace MWPhysics
 {
-Projectile::Projectile(int projectileId, const osg::Vec3f& position, btCollisionWorld* world)
-    : mCollisionWorld(world)
+Projectile::Projectile(int projectileId, const osg::Vec3f& position, PhysicsTaskScheduler* scheduler)
+    : mActive(true)
+    , mTaskScheduler(scheduler)
+    , mProjectileId(projectileId)
 {
-    mProjectileId = projectileId;
-
     mShape.reset(new btSphereShape(1.f));
     mConvexShape = static_cast<btConvexShape*>(mShape.get());
 
@@ -32,33 +36,47 @@ Projectile::Projectile(int projectileId, const osg::Vec3f& position, btCollision
 
     const int collisionMask = CollisionType_World | CollisionType_HeightMap |
         CollisionType_Actor | CollisionType_Door | CollisionType_Water;
-    mCollisionWorld->addCollisionObject(mCollisionObject.get(), CollisionType_Projectile, collisionMask);
+    mTaskScheduler->addCollisionObject(mCollisionObject.get(), CollisionType_Projectile, collisionMask);
+
+    commitPositionChange();
 }
 
 Projectile::~Projectile()
 {
-    if (mCollisionObject.get())
-        mCollisionWorld->removeCollisionObject(mCollisionObject.get());
+    if (mCollisionObject)
+        mTaskScheduler->removeCollisionObject(mCollisionObject.get());
 }
 
-void Projectile::updateCollisionObjectPosition()
+void Projectile::commitPositionChange()
 {
-    btTransform tr = mCollisionObject->getWorldTransform();
-   // osg::Vec3f scaledTranslation = mRotation * mMeshTranslation;
-   // osg::Vec3f newPosition = scaledTranslation + mPosition;
-    tr.setOrigin(Misc::Convert::toBullet(mPosition));
-    mCollisionObject->setWorldTransform(tr);
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mPositionMutex);
+    if (mTransformUpdatePending)
+    {
+        mCollisionObject->setWorldTransform(mLocalTransform);
+        mTransformUpdatePending = false;
+    }
 }
 
 void Projectile::setPosition(const osg::Vec3f &position)
 {
-    mPosition = position;
-    updateCollisionObjectPosition();
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mPositionMutex);
+    mLocalTransform.setOrigin(Misc::Convert::toBullet(position));
+    mTransformUpdatePending = true;
 }
 
-osg::Vec3f Projectile::getPosition() const
+void Projectile::hit(MWWorld::Ptr target, osg::Vec3f pos)
 {
-    return mPosition;
+    if (!mActive.load(std::memory_order_acquire))
+        return;
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mPositionMutex);
+    mHitTarget = target;
+    mHitPosition = pos;
+    mActive.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
 }
 
+void Projectile::activate()
+{
+    assert(!mActive);
+    mActive.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+}
 }

apps/openmw/mwphysics/projectile.hpp

@@ -1,18 +1,23 @@
 #ifndef OPENMW_MWPHYSICS_PROJECTILE_H
 #define OPENMW_MWPHYSICS_PROJECTILE_H
 
+#include <atomic>
 #include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
 
-#include "ptrholder.hpp"
+#include <components/misc/convert.hpp>
 
-#include <osg/Vec3f>
-#include <osg/Quat>
-#include <osg/ref_ptr>
+#include "ptrholder.hpp"
 
-class btCollisionWorld;
-class btCollisionShape;
 class btCollisionObject;
+class btCollisionShape;
 class btConvexShape;
+class btVector3;
+
+namespace osg
+{
+    class Vec3f;
+}
 
 namespace Resource
 {
@@ -21,20 +26,21 @@ namespace Resource
 
 namespace MWPhysics
 {
-    class Projectile : public PtrHolder
+    class PhysicsTaskScheduler;
+    class PhysicsSystem;
+
+    class Projectile final : public PtrHolder
     {
     public:
-        Projectile(const int projectileId, const osg::Vec3f& position, btCollisionWorld* world);
-        ~Projectile();
+        Projectile(const int projectileId, const osg::Vec3f& position, PhysicsTaskScheduler* scheduler);
+        ~Projectile() override;
 
         btConvexShape* getConvexShape() const { return mConvexShape; }
 
-        void updateCollisionObjectPosition();
+        void commitPositionChange();
 
         void setPosition(const osg::Vec3f& position);
 
-        osg::Vec3f getPosition() const;
-
         btCollisionObject* getCollisionObject() const
         {
             return mCollisionObject.get();
@@ -45,16 +51,43 @@ namespace MWPhysics
             return mProjectileId;
         }
 
+        bool isActive() const
+        {
+            return mActive.load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+        }
+
+        MWWorld::Ptr getTarget() const
+        {
+            assert(!mActive);
+            return mHitTarget;
+        }
+
+        osg::Vec3f getHitPos() const
+        {
+            assert(!mActive);
+            return Misc::Convert::toOsg(mHitPosition);
+        }
+
+        void hit(MWWorld::Ptr target, osg::Vec3f pos);
+        void activate();
+
     private:
 
         std::unique_ptr<btCollisionShape> mShape;
         btConvexShape* mConvexShape;
 
         std::unique_ptr<btCollisionObject> mCollisionObject;
+        btTransform mLocalTransform;
+        bool mTransformUpdatePending;
+        std::atomic<bool> mActive;
+        MWWorld::Ptr mHitTarget;
+        osg::Vec3f mHitPosition;
+
+        mutable std::mutex mPositionMutex;
 
         osg::Vec3f mPosition;
 
-        btCollisionWorld* mCollisionWorld;
+        PhysicsTaskScheduler *mTaskScheduler;
 
         Projectile(const Projectile&);
         Projectile& operator=(const Projectile&);

apps/openmw/mwphysics/raycasting.hpp

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ namespace MWPhysics
             /// @param me Optional, a Ptr to ignore in the list of results. targets are actors to filter for, ignoring all other actors.
             virtual RayCastingResult castRay(const osg::Vec3f &from, const osg::Vec3f &to, const MWWorld::ConstPtr& ignore = MWWorld::ConstPtr(),
                     std::vector<MWWorld::Ptr> targets = std::vector<MWWorld::Ptr>(),
-                    int mask = CollisionType_World|CollisionType_HeightMap|CollisionType_Actor|CollisionType_Door, int group=0xff) const = 0;
+                    int mask = CollisionType_World|CollisionType_HeightMap|CollisionType_Actor|CollisionType_Door, int group=0xff, int projId=-1) const = 0;
 
             virtual RayCastingResult castSphere(const osg::Vec3f& from, const osg::Vec3f& to, float radius) const = 0;
 

apps/openmw/mwworld/projectilemanager.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 #include <iomanip>
 
+#include <memory>
 #include <osg/PositionAttitudeTransform>
 
 #include <components/debug/debuglog.hpp>
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@
 #include "../mwsound/sound.hpp"
 
 #include "../mwphysics/physicssystem.hpp"
+#include "../mwphysics/projectile.hpp"
 
 namespace
 {
@@ -284,7 +286,7 @@ namespace MWWorld
         else
             state.mActorId = -1;
 
-        std::string texture = "";
+        std::string texture;
 
         state.mEffects = getMagicBoltData(state.mIdMagic, state.mSoundIds, state.mSpeed, texture, state.mSourceName, state.mSpellId);
 
@@ -315,6 +317,7 @@ namespace MWWorld
         }
 
         state.mProjectileId = mPhysics->addProjectile(pos);
+        state.mToDelete = false;
         mMagicBolts.push_back(state);
     }
 
@@ -338,6 +341,7 @@ namespace MWWorld
             SceneUtil::addEnchantedGlow(state.mNode, mResourceSystem, ptr.getClass().getEnchantmentColor(ptr));
 
         state.mProjectileId = mPhysics->addProjectile(pos);
+        state.mToDelete = false;
         mProjectiles.push_back(state);
     }
 
@@ -362,65 +366,58 @@ namespace MWWorld
                 return (state.mNode->getPosition() - playerPos).length2() >= farawayThreshold*farawayThreshold;
             };
 
-            for (std::vector<ProjectileState>::iterator it = mProjectiles.begin(); it != mProjectiles.end();)
+            for (auto& projectileState : mProjectiles)
             {
-                if (isCleanable(*it))
-                {
-                    cleanupProjectile(*it);
-                    it = mProjectiles.erase(it);
-                }
-                else
-                    ++it;
+                if (isCleanable(projectileState))
+                    cleanupProjectile(projectileState);
             }
 
-            for (std::vector<MagicBoltState>::iterator it = mMagicBolts.begin(); it != mMagicBolts.end();)
+            for (auto& magicBoltState : mMagicBolts)
             {
-                if (isCleanable(*it))
-                {
-                    cleanupMagicBolt(*it);
-                    it = mMagicBolts.erase(it);
-                }
-                else
-                    ++it;
+                if (isCleanable(magicBoltState))
+                    cleanupMagicBolt(magicBoltState);
             }
         }
     }
 
     void ProjectileManager::moveMagicBolts(float duration)
     {
-        for (std::vector<MagicBoltState>::iterator it = mMagicBolts.begin(); it != mMagicBolts.end();)
+        for (auto& magicBoltState : mMagicBolts)
         {
+            if (magicBoltState.mToDelete)
+                continue;
+
+            const auto* projectile = mPhysics->getProjectile(magicBoltState.mProjectileId);
+            if (!projectile->isActive())
+                continue;
             // If the actor caster is gone, the magic bolt needs to be removed from the scene during the next frame.
-            MWWorld::Ptr caster = it->getCaster();
+            MWWorld::Ptr caster = magicBoltState.getCaster();
             if (!caster.isEmpty() && caster.getClass().isActor())
             {
                 if (caster.getRefData().getCount() <= 0 || caster.getClass().getCreatureStats(caster).isDead())
                 {
-                    cleanupMagicBolt(*it);
-                    it = mMagicBolts.erase(it);
+                    cleanupMagicBolt(magicBoltState);
                     continue;
                 }
             }
 
-            osg::Quat orient = it->mNode->getAttitude();
+            osg::Quat orient = magicBoltState.mNode->getAttitude();
             static float fTargetSpellMaxSpeed = MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore().get<ESM::GameSetting>()
                         .find("fTargetSpellMaxSpeed")->mValue.getFloat();
-            float speed = fTargetSpellMaxSpeed * it->mSpeed;
+            float speed = fTargetSpellMaxSpeed * magicBoltState.mSpeed;
             osg::Vec3f direction = orient * osg::Vec3f(0,1,0);
             direction.normalize();
-            osg::Vec3f pos(it->mNode->getPosition());
+            osg::Vec3f pos(magicBoltState.mNode->getPosition());
             osg::Vec3f newPos = pos + direction * duration * speed;
 
-            for (size_t soundIter = 0; soundIter != it->mSounds.size(); soundIter++)
-            {
-                it->mSounds.at(soundIter)->setPosition(newPos);
-            }
+            for (const auto& sound : magicBoltState.mSounds)
+                sound->setPosition(newPos);
 
-            it->mNode->setPosition(newPos);
+            magicBoltState.mNode->setPosition(newPos);
 
-            mPhysics->updateProjectile(it->mProjectileId, newPos);
+            mPhysics->updateProjectile(magicBoltState.mProjectileId, newPos);
 
-            update(*it, duration);
+            update(magicBoltState, duration);
 
             // For AI actors, get combat targets to use in the ray cast. Only those targets will return a positive hit result.
             std::vector<MWWorld::Ptr> targetActors;
@@ -429,7 +426,7 @@ namespace MWWorld
 
             // Check for impact
             // TODO: use a proper btRigidBody / btGhostObject?
-            MWPhysics::PhysicsSystem::RayResult result = mPhysics->castRay(pos, newPos, caster, targetActors, 0xff, MWPhysics::CollisionType_Projectile, it->mProjectileId);
+            const auto result = mPhysics->castRay(pos, newPos, caster, targetActors, 0xff, MWPhysics::CollisionType_Projectile, magicBoltState.mProjectileId);
 
             bool hit = false;
             if (result.mHit)
@@ -443,10 +440,10 @@ namespace MWWorld
                 {
                     MWMechanics::CastSpell cast(caster, result.mHitObject);
                     cast.mHitPosition = pos;
-                    cast.mId = it->mSpellId;
-                    cast.mSourceName = it->mSourceName;
+                    cast.mId = magicBoltState.mSpellId;
+                    cast.mSourceName = magicBoltState.mSourceName;
                     cast.mStack = false;
-                    cast.inflict(result.mHitObject, caster, it->mEffects, ESM::RT_Target, false, true);
+                    cast.inflict(result.mHitObject, caster, magicBoltState.mEffects, ESM::RT_Target, false, true);
                     mPhysics->reportCollision(Misc::Convert::toBullet(result.mHitPos), Misc::Convert::toBullet(result.mHitNormal));
                 }
             }
@@ -457,45 +454,46 @@ namespace MWWorld
 
             if (hit)
             {
-                MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->explodeSpell(pos, it->mEffects, caster, result.mHitObject,
-                                                                    ESM::RT_Target, it->mSpellId, it->mSourceName);
-
-                cleanupMagicBolt(*it);
+                MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->explodeSpell(pos, magicBoltState.mEffects, caster, result.mHitObject,
+                                                                    ESM::RT_Target, magicBoltState.mSpellId, magicBoltState.mSourceName);
 
-                it = mMagicBolts.erase(it);
-                continue;
+                cleanupMagicBolt(magicBoltState);
             }
-            else
-                ++it;
         }
     }
 
     void ProjectileManager::moveProjectiles(float duration)
     {
-        for (std::vector<ProjectileState>::iterator it = mProjectiles.begin(); it != mProjectiles.end();)
+        for (auto& projectileState : mProjectiles)
         {
+            if (projectileState.mToDelete)
+                continue;
+
+            const auto* projectile = mPhysics->getProjectile(projectileState.mProjectileId);
+            if (!projectile->isActive())
+                continue;
             // gravity constant - must be way lower than the gravity affecting actors, since we're not
             // simulating aerodynamics at all
-            it->mVelocity -= osg::Vec3f(0, 0, Constants::GravityConst * Constants::UnitsPerMeter * 0.1f) * duration;
+            projectileState.mVelocity -= osg::Vec3f(0, 0, Constants::GravityConst * Constants::UnitsPerMeter * 0.1f) * duration;
 
-            osg::Vec3f pos(it->mNode->getPosition());
-            osg::Vec3f newPos = pos + it->mVelocity * duration;
+            osg::Vec3f pos(projectileState.mNode->getPosition());
+            osg::Vec3f newPos = pos + projectileState.mVelocity * duration;
 
             // rotation does not work well for throwing projectiles - their roll angle will depend on shooting direction.
-            if (!it->mThrown)
+            if (!projectileState.mThrown)
             {
                 osg::Quat orient;
-                orient.makeRotate(osg::Vec3f(0,1,0), it->mVelocity);
-                it->mNode->setAttitude(orient);
+                orient.makeRotate(osg::Vec3f(0,1,0), projectileState.mVelocity);
+                projectileState.mNode->setAttitude(orient);
             }
 
-            it->mNode->setPosition(newPos);
+            projectileState.mNode->setPosition(newPos);
 
-            mPhysics->updateProjectile(it->mProjectileId, newPos);
+            mPhysics->updateProjectile(projectileState.mProjectileId, newPos);
 
-            update(*it, duration);
+            update(projectileState, duration);
 
-            MWWorld::Ptr caster = it->getCaster();
+            MWWorld::Ptr caster = projectileState.getCaster();
 
             // For AI actors, get combat targets to use in the ray cast. Only those targets will return a positive hit result.
             std::vector<MWWorld::Ptr> targetActors;
@@ -504,103 +502,107 @@ namespace MWWorld
 
             // Check for impact
             // TODO: use a proper btRigidBody / btGhostObject?
-            MWPhysics::PhysicsSystem::RayResult result = mPhysics->castRay(pos, newPos, caster, targetActors, 0xff, MWPhysics::CollisionType_Projectile, it->mProjectileId);
+            const auto result = mPhysics->castRay(pos, newPos, caster, targetActors, 0xff, MWPhysics::CollisionType_Projectile, projectileState.mProjectileId);
 
             bool underwater = MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->isUnderwater(MWMechanics::getPlayer().getCell(), newPos);
 
             if (result.mHit || underwater)
             {
                 // Try to get a Ptr to the bow that was used. It might no longer exist.
-                MWWorld::ManualRef projectileRef(MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore(), it->mIdArrow);
+                MWWorld::ManualRef projectileRef(MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore(), projectileState.mIdArrow);
                 MWWorld::Ptr bow = projectileRef.getPtr();
-                if (!caster.isEmpty() && it->mIdArrow != it->mBowId)
+                if (!caster.isEmpty() && projectileState.mIdArrow != projectileState.mBowId)
                 {
                     MWWorld::InventoryStore& inv = caster.getClass().getInventoryStore(caster);
                     MWWorld::ContainerStoreIterator invIt = inv.getSlot(MWWorld::InventoryStore::Slot_CarriedRight);
-                    if (invIt != inv.end() && Misc::StringUtils::ciEqual(invIt->getCellRef().getRefId(), it->mBowId))
+                    if (invIt != inv.end() && Misc::StringUtils::ciEqual(invIt->getCellRef().getRefId(), projectileState.mBowId))
                         bow = *invIt;
                 }
 
                 if (caster.isEmpty())
                     caster = result.mHitObject;
 
-                MWMechanics::projectileHit(caster, result.mHitObject, bow, projectileRef.getPtr(), result.mHit ? result.mHitPos : newPos, it->mAttackStrength);
+                MWMechanics::projectileHit(caster, result.mHitObject, bow, projectileRef.getPtr(), result.mHit ? result.mHitPos : newPos, projectileState.mAttackStrength);
                 mPhysics->reportCollision(Misc::Convert::toBullet(result.mHitPos), Misc::Convert::toBullet(result.mHitNormal));
 
                 if (underwater)
                     mRendering->emitWaterRipple(newPos);
 
-                cleanupProjectile(*it);
-                it = mProjectiles.erase(it);
-
-                continue;
+                cleanupProjectile(projectileState);
             }
-
-            ++it;
         }
     }
 
-    void ProjectileManager::manualHit(int projectileId, const MWWorld::Ptr& target, const osg::Vec3f& pos)
+    void ProjectileManager::processHits()
     {
-        for (std::vector<ProjectileState>::iterator it = mProjectiles.begin(); it != mProjectiles.end(); ++it)
+        for (auto& projectileState : mProjectiles)
         {
-            if (it->mProjectileId == projectileId)
-            {
-                MWWorld::Ptr caster = it->getCaster();
-                if (caster == target)
-                    return;
-
-                if (!isValidTarget(caster, target))
-                    return;
+            if (projectileState.mToDelete)
+                continue;
 
-                if (caster.isEmpty())
-                    caster = target;
+            auto* projectile = mPhysics->getProjectile(projectileState.mProjectileId);
+            if (projectile->isActive())
+                continue;
+            const auto target = projectile->getTarget();
+            const auto pos = projectile->getHitPos();
+            MWWorld::Ptr caster = projectileState.getCaster();
+            if (caster == target || !isValidTarget(caster, target))
+            {
+                projectile->activate();
+                continue;
+            }
 
-                // Try to get a Ptr to the bow that was used. It might no longer exist.
-                MWWorld::ManualRef projectileRef(MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore(), it->mIdArrow);
-                MWWorld::Ptr bow = projectileRef.getPtr();
-                if (!caster.isEmpty() && it->mIdArrow != it->mBowId)
-                {
-                    MWWorld::InventoryStore& inv = caster.getClass().getInventoryStore(caster);
-                    MWWorld::ContainerStoreIterator invIt = inv.getSlot(MWWorld::InventoryStore::Slot_CarriedRight);
-                    if (invIt != inv.end() && Misc::StringUtils::ciEqual(invIt->getCellRef().getRefId(), it->mBowId))
-                        bow = *invIt;
-                }
+            if (caster.isEmpty())
+                caster = target;
 
-                it->mHitPosition = pos;
-                cleanupProjectile(*it);
-                MWMechanics::projectileHit(caster, target, bow, projectileRef.getPtr(), pos, it->mAttackStrength);
-                mProjectiles.erase(it);
-                return;
+            // Try to get a Ptr to the bow that was used. It might no longer exist.
+            MWWorld::ManualRef projectileRef(MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore(), projectileState.mIdArrow);
+            MWWorld::Ptr bow = projectileRef.getPtr();
+            if (!caster.isEmpty() && projectileState.mIdArrow != projectileState.mBowId)
+            {
+                MWWorld::InventoryStore& inv = caster.getClass().getInventoryStore(caster);
+                MWWorld::ContainerStoreIterator invIt = inv.getSlot(MWWorld::InventoryStore::Slot_CarriedRight);
+                if (invIt != inv.end() && Misc::StringUtils::ciEqual(invIt->getCellRef().getRefId(), projectileState.mBowId))
+                    bow = *invIt;
             }
+
+            projectileState.mHitPosition = pos;
+            cleanupProjectile(projectileState);
+            MWMechanics::projectileHit(caster, target, bow, projectileRef.getPtr(), pos, projectileState.mAttackStrength);
         }
-        for (std::vector<MagicBoltState>::iterator it = mMagicBolts.begin(); it != mMagicBolts.end(); ++it)
+        for (auto& magicBoltState : mMagicBolts)
         {
-            if (it->mProjectileId == projectileId)
-            {
-                MWWorld::Ptr caster = it->getCaster();
-                if (caster == target)
-                    return;
-
-                if (!isValidTarget(caster, target))
-                    return;
+            if (magicBoltState.mToDelete)
+                continue;
 
-                it->mHitPosition = pos;
-                cleanupMagicBolt(*it);
+            auto* projectile = mPhysics->getProjectile(magicBoltState.mProjectileId);
+            if (projectile->isActive())
+                continue;
+            const auto target = projectile->getTarget();
+            const auto pos = projectile->getHitPos();
+            MWWorld::Ptr caster = magicBoltState.getCaster();
+            if (caster == target || !isValidTarget(caster, target))
+            {
+                projectile->activate();
+                continue;
+            }
 
-                MWMechanics::CastSpell cast(caster, target);
-                cast.mHitPosition = pos;
-                cast.mId = it->mSpellId;
-                cast.mSourceName = it->mSourceName;
-                cast.mStack = false;
-                cast.inflict(target, caster, it->mEffects, ESM::RT_Target, false, true);
+            magicBoltState.mHitPosition = pos;
+            cleanupMagicBolt(magicBoltState);
 
-                MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->explodeSpell(pos, it->mEffects, caster, target, ESM::RT_Target, it->mSpellId, it->mSourceName);
-                mMagicBolts.erase(it);
+            MWMechanics::CastSpell cast(caster, target);
+            cast.mHitPosition = pos;
+            cast.mId = magicBoltState.mSpellId;
+            cast.mSourceName = magicBoltState.mSourceName;
+            cast.mStack = false;
+            cast.inflict(target, caster, magicBoltState.mEffects, ESM::RT_Target, false, true);
 
-                return;
-            }
+            MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->explodeSpell(pos, magicBoltState.mEffects, caster, target, ESM::RT_Target, magicBoltState.mSpellId, magicBoltState.mSourceName);
         }
+        mProjectiles.erase(std::remove_if(mProjectiles.begin(), mProjectiles.end(), [](const State& state) { return state.mToDelete; }),
+                mProjectiles.end());
+        mMagicBolts.erase(std::remove_if(mMagicBolts.begin(), mMagicBolts.end(), [](const State& state) { return state.mToDelete; }),
+                mMagicBolts.end());
     }
 
     bool ProjectileManager::isValidTarget(const MWWorld::Ptr& caster, const MWWorld::Ptr& target)
@@ -633,12 +635,14 @@ namespace MWWorld
     {
         mParent->removeChild(state.mNode);
         mPhysics->removeProjectile(state.mProjectileId);
+        state.mToDelete = true;
     }
 
     void ProjectileManager::cleanupMagicBolt(ProjectileManager::MagicBoltState& state)
     {
         mParent->removeChild(state.mNode);
         mPhysics->removeProjectile(state.mProjectileId);
+        state.mToDelete = true;
         for (size_t soundIter = 0; soundIter != state.mSounds.size(); soundIter++)
         {
             MWBase::Environment::get().getSoundManager()->stopSound(state.mSounds.at(soundIter));
@@ -647,15 +651,12 @@ namespace MWWorld
 
     void ProjectileManager::clear()
     {
-        for (std::vector<ProjectileState>::iterator it = mProjectiles.begin(); it != mProjectiles.end(); ++it)
-        {
-            cleanupProjectile(*it);
-        }
+        for (auto& mProjectile : mProjectiles)
+            cleanupProjectile(mProjectile);
         mProjectiles.clear();
-        for (std::vector<MagicBoltState>::iterator it = mMagicBolts.begin(); it != mMagicBolts.end(); ++it)
-        {
-            cleanupMagicBolt(*it);
-        }
+
+        for (auto& mMagicBolt : mMagicBolts)
+            cleanupMagicBolt(mMagicBolt);
         mMagicBolts.clear();
     }
 
@@ -712,6 +713,7 @@ namespace MWWorld
             state.mVelocity = esm.mVelocity;
             state.mIdArrow = esm.mId;
             state.mAttackStrength = esm.mAttackStrength;
+            state.mToDelete = false;
 
             std::string model;
             try
@@ -734,7 +736,7 @@ namespace MWWorld
             mProjectiles.push_back(state);
             return true;
         }
-        else if (type == ESM::REC_MPRJ)
+        if (type == ESM::REC_MPRJ)
         {
             ESM::MagicBoltState esm;
             esm.load(reader);
@@ -743,7 +745,8 @@ namespace MWWorld
             state.mIdMagic.push_back(esm.mId);
             state.mSpellId = esm.mSpellId;
             state.mActorId = esm.mActorId;
-            std::string texture = "";
+            state.mToDelete = false;
+            std::string texture;
 
             try
             {

apps/openmw/mwworld/projectilemanager.hpp

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ namespace MWWorld
 
         void update(float dt);
 
-        void manualHit(int projectileId, const MWWorld::Ptr& target, const osg::Vec3f& pos);
+        void processHits();
 
         /// Removes all current projectiles. Should be called when switching to a new worldspace.
         void clear();
@@ -93,6 +93,8 @@ namespace MWWorld
 
             // MW-id of an arrow projectile
             std::string mIdArrow;
+
+            bool mToDelete;
         };
 
         struct MagicBoltState : public State

apps/openmw/mwworld/worldimp.cpp

@@ -843,11 +843,6 @@ namespace MWWorld
         }
     }
 
-    void World::manualProjectileHit(int projectileId, const MWWorld::Ptr& target, const osg::Vec3f& pos)
-    {
-        mProjectileManager->manualHit(projectileId, target, pos);
-    }
-
     void World::disable (const Ptr& reference)
     {
         if (!reference.getRefData().isEnabled())
@@ -1498,6 +1493,7 @@ namespace MWWorld
         mProjectileManager->update(duration);
 
         const auto results = mPhysics->applyQueuedMovement(duration, mDiscardMovements, frameStart, frameNumber, stats);
+        mProjectileManager->processHits();
         mDiscardMovements = false;
 
         for(const auto& [actor, position]: results)

apps/openmw/mwworld/worldimp.hpp

@@ -584,8 +584,6 @@ namespace MWWorld
             RestPermitted canRest() const override;
             ///< check if the player is allowed to rest
 
-            void manualProjectileHit(int projectileId, const MWWorld::Ptr& target, const osg::Vec3f& pos);
-
             void rest(double hours) override;
             void rechargeItems(double duration, bool activeOnly) override;