diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index c2621fee7..b9f452c7a 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -217,7 +217,8 @@ endif()
 
 IF(BUILD_OPENMW OR BUILD_OPENCS)
 
-    find_package(OpenSceneGraph 3.3.4 REQUIRED osgDB osgViewer osgText osgGA osgAnimation osgParticle osgUtil osgFX)
+    find_package(OpenSceneGraph 3.3.4 REQUIRED osgDB osgViewer osgText osgGA osgParticle osgUtil osgFX)
+    include_directories(${OPENSCENEGRAPH_INCLUDE_DIRS})
 
     set(USED_OSG_PLUGINS
                     osgdb_bmp
@@ -261,8 +262,6 @@ IF(BUILD_OPENMW OR BUILD_OPENCS)
 
 ENDIF(BUILD_OPENMW OR BUILD_OPENCS)
 
-include_directories(${OPENSCENEGRAPH_INCLUDE_DIRS})
-
 
 set(BOOST_COMPONENTS system filesystem program_options)
 if(WIN32)
diff --git a/apps/opencs/CMakeLists.txt b/apps/opencs/CMakeLists.txt
index 0a146dc06..fc8930b71 100644
--- a/apps/opencs/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/apps/opencs/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ if(APPLE)
         RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY "${OpenMW_BINARY_DIR}"
         OUTPUT_NAME ${OPENCS_BUNDLE_NAME}
         MACOSX_BUNDLE_ICON_FILE "openmw-cs.icns"
-        MACOSX_BUNDLE_BUNDLE_NAME "OpenCS"
+        MACOSX_BUNDLE_BUNDLE_NAME "OpenMW-CS"
         MACOSX_BUNDLE_GUI_IDENTIFIER "org.openmw.opencs"
         MACOSX_BUNDLE_SHORT_VERSION_STRING ${OPENMW_VERSION}
         MACOSX_BUNDLE_BUNDLE_VERSION ${OPENMW_VERSION}
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwbase/mechanicsmanager.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwbase/mechanicsmanager.hpp
index 9a65a7bc9..e6d71eaa2 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwbase/mechanicsmanager.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwbase/mechanicsmanager.hpp
@@ -257,6 +257,7 @@ namespace MWBase
 
             virtual void confiscateStolenItemToOwner(const MWWorld::Ptr &player, const MWWorld::Ptr &item, const MWWorld::Ptr& victim, int count) = 0;
 
+            virtual bool isAttackPrepairing(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr) = 0;
             virtual bool isRunning(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr) = 0;
             virtual bool isSneaking(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr) = 0;
     };
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwclass/lockpick.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwclass/lockpick.cpp
index b8f6f5ecb..15499c1a8 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwclass/lockpick.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwclass/lockpick.cpp
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <components/esm/loadlock.hpp>
 
 #include "../mwbase/environment.hpp"
+#include "../mwbase/mechanicsmanager.hpp"
 #include "../mwbase/world.hpp"
 #include "../mwbase/windowmanager.hpp"
 
@@ -155,6 +156,16 @@ namespace MWClass
         return MWWorld::Ptr(cell.insert(ref), &cell);
     }
 
+    std::pair<int, std::string> Lockpick::canBeEquipped(const MWWorld::ConstPtr &ptr, const MWWorld::Ptr &npc) const
+    {
+        // Do not allow equip tools from inventory during attack
+        if (MWBase::Environment::get().getMechanicsManager()->isAttackingOrSpell(npc)
+            && MWBase::Environment::get().getWindowManager()->isGuiMode())
+            return std::make_pair(0, "#{sCantEquipWeapWarning}");
+
+        return std::make_pair(1, "");
+    }
+
     bool Lockpick::canSell (const MWWorld::ConstPtr& item, int npcServices) const
     {
         return (npcServices & ESM::NPC::Picks) != 0;
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwclass/lockpick.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwclass/lockpick.hpp
index efa675c95..1bcf7fb85 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwclass/lockpick.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwclass/lockpick.hpp
@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ namespace MWClass
             virtual std::string getInventoryIcon (const MWWorld::ConstPtr& ptr) const;
             ///< Return name of inventory icon.
 
+            virtual std::pair<int, std::string> canBeEquipped(const MWWorld::ConstPtr &ptr, const MWWorld::Ptr &npc) const;
+
             virtual std::shared_ptr<MWWorld::Action> use (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr)
                 const;
             ///< Generate action for using via inventory menu
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwclass/probe.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwclass/probe.cpp
index ecaa056f9..030ee3f8b 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwclass/probe.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwclass/probe.cpp
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <components/esm/loadprob.hpp>
 
 #include "../mwbase/environment.hpp"
+#include "../mwbase/mechanicsmanager.hpp"
 #include "../mwbase/world.hpp"
 #include "../mwbase/windowmanager.hpp"
 
@@ -155,6 +156,16 @@ namespace MWClass
         return MWWorld::Ptr(cell.insert(ref), &cell);
     }
 
+    std::pair<int, std::string> Probe::canBeEquipped(const MWWorld::ConstPtr &ptr, const MWWorld::Ptr &npc) const
+    {
+        // Do not allow equip tools from inventory during attack
+        if (MWBase::Environment::get().getMechanicsManager()->isAttackingOrSpell(npc)
+            && MWBase::Environment::get().getWindowManager()->isGuiMode())
+            return std::make_pair(0, "#{sCantEquipWeapWarning}");
+
+        return std::make_pair(1, "");
+    }
+
     bool Probe::canSell (const MWWorld::ConstPtr& item, int npcServices) const
     {
         return (npcServices & ESM::NPC::Probes) != 0;
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwclass/probe.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwclass/probe.hpp
index f67d8af86..9ac3ab0c9 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwclass/probe.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwclass/probe.hpp
@@ -51,6 +51,8 @@ namespace MWClass
             virtual std::string getInventoryIcon (const MWWorld::ConstPtr& ptr) const;
             ///< Return name of inventory icon.
 
+            virtual std::pair<int, std::string> canBeEquipped(const MWWorld::ConstPtr &ptr, const MWWorld::Ptr &npc) const;
+
             virtual std::shared_ptr<MWWorld::Action> use (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr)
                 const;
             ///< Generate action for using via inventory menu
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwclass/weapon.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwclass/weapon.cpp
index 62a9b6d0f..9fb4a9767 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwclass/weapon.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwclass/weapon.cpp
@@ -374,7 +374,9 @@ namespace MWClass
         if (hasItemHealth(ptr) && ptr.getCellRef().getCharge() == 0)
             return std::make_pair(0, "#{sInventoryMessage1}");
 
-        if (MWBase::Environment::get().getMechanicsManager()->isAttackingOrSpell(npc))
+        // Do not allow equip weapons from inventory during attack
+        if (MWBase::Environment::get().getMechanicsManager()->isAttackingOrSpell(npc)
+            && MWBase::Environment::get().getWindowManager()->isGuiMode())
             return std::make_pair(0, "#{sCantEquipWeapWarning}");
 
         std::pair<std::vector<int>, bool> slots_ = ptr.getClass().getEquipmentSlots(ptr);
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwgui/inventorywindow.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwgui/inventorywindow.cpp
index a35bed8a5..640a3be55 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwgui/inventorywindow.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwgui/inventorywindow.cpp
@@ -269,6 +269,19 @@ namespace MWGui
             }
         }
 
+        // If we unequip weapon during attack, it can lead to unexpected behaviour
+        if (MWBase::Environment::get().getMechanicsManager()->isAttackingOrSpell(mPtr))
+        {
+            bool isWeapon = item.mBase.getTypeName() == typeid(ESM::Weapon).name();
+            MWWorld::InventoryStore& invStore = mPtr.getClass().getInventoryStore(mPtr);
+
+            if (isWeapon && invStore.isEquipped(item.mBase))
+            {
+                MWBase::Environment::get().getWindowManager()->messageBox("#{sCantEquipWeapWarning}");
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
         if (count > 1 && !shift)
         {
             CountDialog* dialog = MWBase::Environment::get().getWindowManager()->getCountDialog();
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwgui/quickkeysmenu.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwgui/quickkeysmenu.cpp
index 4e4462409..e912193bf 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwgui/quickkeysmenu.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwgui/quickkeysmenu.cpp
@@ -344,16 +344,17 @@ namespace MWGui
         {
             MWWorld::Ptr item = *button->getUserData<MWWorld::Ptr>();
             bool isWeapon = item.getTypeName() == typeid(ESM::Weapon).name();
+            bool isTool = item.getTypeName() == typeid(ESM::Probe).name() || item.getTypeName() == typeid(ESM::Lockpick).name();
 
             // delay weapon switching if player is busy
-            if (isDelayNeeded && isWeapon)
+            if (isDelayNeeded && (isWeapon || isTool))
             {
                 mActivatedIndex = index;
                 return;
             }
 
             // disable weapon switching if player is dead or paralyzed
-            if (isReturnNeeded && isWeapon)
+            if (isReturnNeeded && (isWeapon || isTool))
             {
                 return;
             }
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwinput/inputmanagerimp.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwinput/inputmanagerimp.cpp
index c51c41483..301a73d6f 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwinput/inputmanagerimp.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwinput/inputmanagerimp.cpp
@@ -985,7 +985,11 @@ namespace MWInput
         if (!mControlSwitch["playerfighting"] || !mControlSwitch["playercontrols"])
             return;
 
-        if (MWBase::Environment::get().getMechanicsManager()->isAttackingOrSpell(mPlayer->getPlayer()))
+        // We want to interrupt animation only if attack is prepairing, but still is not triggered
+        // Otherwise we will get a "speedshooting" exploit, when player can skip reload animation by hitting "Toggle Weapon" key twice
+        if (MWBase::Environment::get().getMechanicsManager()->isAttackPrepairing(mPlayer->getPlayer()))
+            mPlayer->setAttackingOrSpell(false);
+        else if (MWBase::Environment::get().getMechanicsManager()->isAttackingOrSpell(mPlayer->getPlayer()))
             return;
 
         MWMechanics::DrawState_ state = mPlayer->getDrawState();
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.cpp
index 6e2f068af..0bb6d2c5d 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.cpp
@@ -851,6 +851,16 @@ namespace MWMechanics
         }
     }
 
+    bool Actors::isAttackPrepairing(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr)
+    {
+        PtrActorMap::iterator it = mActors.find(ptr);
+        if (it == mActors.end())
+            return false;
+        CharacterController* ctrl = it->second->getCharacterController();
+
+        return ctrl->isAttackPrepairing();
+    }
+
     bool Actors::isRunning(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr)
     {
         PtrActorMap::iterator it = mActors.find(ptr);
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.hpp
index a73c405c8..680e3c9cb 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.hpp
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ namespace MWMechanics
                 End of tes3mp addition
             */
 
+            bool isAttackPrepairing(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr);
             bool isRunning(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr);
             bool isSneaking(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr);
 
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/character.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/character.cpp
index e7db2a501..66b889e95 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/character.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/character.cpp
@@ -2357,6 +2357,12 @@ void CharacterController::setAttackTypeBasedOnMovement()
         mAttackType = "chop";
 }
 
+bool CharacterController::isAttackPrepairing() const
+{
+    return mUpperBodyState == UpperCharState_StartToMinAttack ||
+            mUpperBodyState == UpperCharState_MinAttackToMaxAttack;
+}
+
 bool CharacterController::isReadyToBlock() const
 {
     return updateCarriedLeftVisible(mWeaponType);
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/character.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/character.hpp
index bde64cdfb..9bcad0994 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/character.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/character.hpp
@@ -263,6 +263,7 @@ public:
 
     void forceStateUpdate();
     
+    bool isAttackPrepairing() const;
     bool isReadyToBlock() const;
     bool isKnockedOut() const;
     bool isSneaking() const;
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.cpp
index 325173503..b922c9d74 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.cpp
@@ -436,6 +436,11 @@ namespace MWMechanics
         mObjects.update(duration, paused);
     }
 
+    bool MechanicsManager::isAttackPrepairing(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr)
+    {
+        return mActors.isAttackPrepairing(ptr);
+    }
+
     bool MechanicsManager::isRunning(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr)
     {
         return mActors.isRunning(ptr);
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.hpp
index d6b6d1275..7660d651e 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.hpp
@@ -220,8 +220,10 @@ namespace MWMechanics
 
             virtual void confiscateStolenItemToOwner(const MWWorld::Ptr &player, const MWWorld::Ptr &item, const MWWorld::Ptr& victim, int count);
 
+            virtual bool isAttackPrepairing(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr);
             virtual bool isRunning(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr);
             virtual bool isSneaking(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr);
+
         private:
             void reportCrime (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr, const MWWorld::Ptr& victim,
                                       OffenseType type, int arg=0);
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwphysics/actor.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwphysics/actor.cpp
index e5e36def8..79c6dcabf 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwphysics/actor.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwphysics/actor.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ namespace MWPhysics
 
 Actor::Actor(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr, osg::ref_ptr<const Resource::BulletShape> shape, btCollisionWorld* world)
   : mCanWaterWalk(false), mWalkingOnWater(false)
-  , mCollisionObject(nullptr), mForce(0.f, 0.f, 0.f), mOnGround(false), mOnSlope(false)
+  , mCollisionObject(nullptr), mForce(0.f, 0.f, 0.f), mOnGround(true), mOnSlope(false)
   , mInternalCollisionMode(true)
   , mExternalCollisionMode(true)
   , mCollisionWorld(world)
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwrender/animation.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwrender/animation.cpp
index 98d29bfc9..df9b8545a 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwrender/animation.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwrender/animation.cpp
@@ -182,7 +182,10 @@ namespace
         void remove()
         {
             for (RemoveVec::iterator it = mToRemove.begin(); it != mToRemove.end(); ++it)
-                it->second->removeChild(it->first);
+            {
+                if (!it->second->removeChild(it->first))
+                    std::cerr << "error removing " << it->first->getName() << std::endl;
+            }
         }
 
     protected:
@@ -1192,6 +1195,9 @@ namespace MWRender
                 mObjectRoot->addChild(created);
                 mInsert->addChild(mObjectRoot);
             }
+            osg::ref_ptr<SceneUtil::Skeleton> skel = dynamic_cast<SceneUtil::Skeleton*>(mObjectRoot.get());
+            if (skel)
+                mSkeleton = skel.get();
         }
         else
         {
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwrender/npcanimation.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwrender/npcanimation.cpp
index 73927e0ab..e4d0abf7b 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwrender/npcanimation.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwrender/npcanimation.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "../mwworld/esmstore.hpp"
 #include "../mwworld/inventorystore.hpp"
 #include "../mwworld/class.hpp"
+#include "../mwworld/player.hpp"
 
 #include "../mwmechanics/npcstats.hpp"
 #include "../mwmechanics/actorutil.hpp"
@@ -919,6 +920,9 @@ void NpcAnimation::showWeapons(bool showWeapon)
     else
     {
         removeIndividualPart(ESM::PRT_Weapon);
+        // If we remove/hide weapon from player, we should reset attack animation as well
+        if (mPtr == MWMechanics::getPlayer())
+            MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getPlayer().setAttackingOrSpell(false);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/components/CMakeLists.txt b/components/CMakeLists.txt
index c02fab8c9..b25adbbd1 100644
--- a/components/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/components/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ add_component_dir (shader
     )
 
 add_component_dir (sceneutil
-    clone attach visitor util statesetupdater controller skeleton riggeometry lightcontroller
+    clone attach visitor util statesetupdater controller skeleton riggeometry morphgeometry lightcontroller
     lightmanager lightutil positionattitudetransform workqueue unrefqueue pathgridutil waterutil writescene serialize optimizer
     )
 
diff --git a/components/nifosg/controller.cpp b/components/nifosg/controller.cpp
index 87a0b830e..262966e95 100644
--- a/components/nifosg/controller.cpp
+++ b/components/nifosg/controller.cpp
@@ -6,11 +6,10 @@
 #include <osg/Texture2D>
 #include <osg/UserDataContainer>
 
-#include <osgAnimation/MorphGeometry>
-
 #include <osgParticle/Emitter>
 
 #include <components/nif/data.hpp>
+#include <components/sceneutil/morphgeometry.hpp>
 
 #include "userdata.hpp"
 
@@ -188,7 +187,7 @@ GeomMorpherController::GeomMorpherController(const Nif::NiMorphData *data)
 
 void GeomMorpherController::update(osg::NodeVisitor *nv, osg::Drawable *drawable)
 {
-    osgAnimation::MorphGeometry* morphGeom = static_cast<osgAnimation::MorphGeometry*>(drawable);
+    SceneUtil::MorphGeometry* morphGeom = static_cast<SceneUtil::MorphGeometry*>(drawable);
     if (hasInput())
     {
         if (mKeyFrames.size() <= 1)
@@ -202,7 +201,7 @@ void GeomMorpherController::update(osg::NodeVisitor *nv, osg::Drawable *drawable
                 val = it->interpKey(input);
             val = std::max(0.f, std::min(1.f, val));
 
-            osgAnimation::MorphGeometry::MorphTarget& target = morphGeom->getMorphTarget(i);
+            SceneUtil::MorphGeometry::MorphTarget& target = morphGeom->getMorphTarget(i);
             if (target.getWeight() != val)
             {
                 target.setWeight(val);
@@ -210,8 +209,6 @@ void GeomMorpherController::update(osg::NodeVisitor *nv, osg::Drawable *drawable
             }
         }
     }
-
-    // morphGeometry::transformSoftwareMethod() done in cull callback i.e. only for visible morph geometries
 }
 
 UVController::UVController()
diff --git a/components/nifosg/controller.hpp b/components/nifosg/controller.hpp
index 5fbb172f9..0e87af44f 100644
--- a/components/nifosg/controller.hpp
+++ b/components/nifosg/controller.hpp
@@ -31,11 +31,6 @@ namespace osgParticle
     class Emitter;
 }
 
-namespace osgAnimation
-{
-    class MorphGeometry;
-}
-
 namespace NifOsg
 {
 
@@ -172,7 +167,7 @@ namespace NifOsg
         virtual float getMaximum() const;
     };
 
-    /// Must be set on an osgAnimation::MorphGeometry.
+    /// Must be set on a SceneUtil::MorphGeometry.
     class GeomMorpherController : public osg::Drawable::UpdateCallback, public SceneUtil::Controller
     {
     public:
diff --git a/components/nifosg/nifloader.cpp b/components/nifosg/nifloader.cpp
index 78186c439..8810f171a 100644
--- a/components/nifosg/nifloader.cpp
+++ b/components/nifosg/nifloader.cpp
@@ -13,9 +13,6 @@
 #include <components/misc/resourcehelpers.hpp>
 #include <components/resource/imagemanager.hpp>
 
-// skel
-#include <osgAnimation/MorphGeometry>
-
 // particle
 #include <osgParticle/ParticleSystem>
 #include <osgParticle/ParticleSystemUpdater>
@@ -39,6 +36,7 @@
 #include <components/nif/effect.hpp>
 #include <components/sceneutil/skeleton.hpp>
 #include <components/sceneutil/riggeometry.hpp>
+#include <components/sceneutil/morphgeometry.hpp>
 
 #include "particle.hpp"
 #include "userdata.hpp"
@@ -83,35 +81,6 @@ namespace
             collectDrawableProperties(nifNode->parent, out);
     }
 
-    class FrameSwitch : public osg::Group
-    {
-    public:
-        FrameSwitch()
-        {
-        }
-
-        FrameSwitch(const FrameSwitch& copy, const osg::CopyOp& copyop)
-            : osg::Group(copy, copyop)
-        {
-        }
-
-        META_Object(NifOsg, FrameSwitch)
-
-        virtual void traverse(osg::NodeVisitor& nv)
-        {
-            if (nv.getTraversalMode() != osg::NodeVisitor::TRAVERSE_ACTIVE_CHILDREN && nv.getVisitorType() != osg::NodeVisitor::UPDATE_VISITOR)
-                osg::Group::traverse(nv);
-            else
-            {
-                for (unsigned int i=0; i<getNumChildren(); ++i)
-                {
-                    if (i%2 == nv.getTraversalNumber()%2)
-                        getChild(i)->accept(nv);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    };
-
     // NodeCallback used to have a node always oriented towards the camera. The node can have translation and scale
     // set just like a regular MatrixTransform, but the rotation set will be overridden in order to face the camera.
     // Must be set as a cull callback.
@@ -154,70 +123,6 @@ namespace
         }
     };
 
-    struct UpdateMorphGeometry : public osg::Drawable::CullCallback
-    {
-        UpdateMorphGeometry()
-            : mLastFrameNumber(0)
-        {
-        }
-
-        UpdateMorphGeometry(const UpdateMorphGeometry& copy, const osg::CopyOp& copyop)
-            : osg::Drawable::CullCallback(copy, copyop)
-            , mLastFrameNumber(0)
-        {
-        }
-
-        META_Object(NifOsg, UpdateMorphGeometry)
-
-        virtual bool cull(osg::NodeVisitor* nv, osg::Drawable * drw, osg::State *) const
-        {
-            osgAnimation::MorphGeometry* geom = static_cast<osgAnimation::MorphGeometry*>(drw);
-            if (!geom)
-                return false;
-
-            if (mLastFrameNumber == nv->getTraversalNumber())
-                return false;
-            mLastFrameNumber = nv->getTraversalNumber();
-
-            geom->transformSoftwareMethod();
-            return false;
-        }
-
-    private:
-        mutable unsigned int mLastFrameNumber;
-    };
-
-    // Callback to return a static bounding box for a MorphGeometry. The idea is to not recalculate the bounding box
-    // every time the morph weights change. To do so we return a maximum containing box that is big enough for all possible combinations of morph targets.
-    class StaticBoundingBoxCallback : public osg::Drawable::ComputeBoundingBoxCallback
-    {
-    public:
-        StaticBoundingBoxCallback()
-        {
-        }
-
-        StaticBoundingBoxCallback(const osg::BoundingBox& bounds)
-            : mBoundingBox(bounds)
-        {
-        }
-
-        StaticBoundingBoxCallback(const StaticBoundingBoxCallback& copy, const osg::CopyOp& copyop)
-            : osg::Drawable::ComputeBoundingBoxCallback(copy, copyop)
-            , mBoundingBox(copy.mBoundingBox)
-        {
-        }
-
-        META_Object(NifOsg, StaticBoundingBoxCallback)
-
-        virtual osg::BoundingBox computeBound(const osg::Drawable&) const
-        {
-            return mBoundingBox;
-        }
-
-    private:
-        osg::BoundingBox mBoundingBox;
-    };
-
     void extractTextKeys(const Nif::NiTextKeyExtraData *tk, NifOsg::TextKeyMap &textkeys)
     {
         for(size_t i = 0;i < tk->list.size();i++)
@@ -1107,106 +1012,49 @@ namespace NifOsg
 
         void handleTriShape(const Nif::NiTriShape* triShape, osg::Group* parentNode, SceneUtil::CompositeStateSetUpdater* composite, const std::vector<int>& boundTextures, int animflags)
         {
-            osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> geometry;
+            osg::ref_ptr<osg::Drawable> drawable;
             for (Nif::ControllerPtr ctrl = triShape->controller; !ctrl.empty(); ctrl = ctrl->next)
             {
                 if (!(ctrl->flags & Nif::NiNode::ControllerFlag_Active))
                     continue;
                 if(ctrl->recType == Nif::RC_NiGeomMorpherController)
                 {
-                    geometry = handleMorphGeometry(static_cast<const Nif::NiGeomMorpherController*>(ctrl.getPtr()), triShape, parentNode, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
+                    drawable = handleMorphGeometry(static_cast<const Nif::NiGeomMorpherController*>(ctrl.getPtr()), triShape, parentNode, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
 
                     osg::ref_ptr<GeomMorpherController> morphctrl = new GeomMorpherController(
                                 static_cast<const Nif::NiGeomMorpherController*>(ctrl.getPtr())->data.getPtr());
                     setupController(ctrl.getPtr(), morphctrl, animflags);
-                    geometry->setUpdateCallback(morphctrl);
+                    drawable->setUpdateCallback(morphctrl);
                     break;
                 }
             }
 
-            if (!geometry.get())
+            if (!drawable.get())
             {
-                geometry = new osg::Geometry;
-                triShapeToGeometry(triShape, geometry, parentNode, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
+                osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> geom (new osg::Geometry);
+                drawable = geom;
+                triShapeToGeometry(triShape, geom, parentNode, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
             }
 
-            if (geometry->getDataVariance() == osg::Object::DYNAMIC)
-            {
-                // Add a copy, we will alternate between the two copies every other frame using the FrameSwitch
-                // This is so we can set the DataVariance as STATIC, giving a huge performance boost
-                geometry->setDataVariance(osg::Object::STATIC);
-                osg::ref_ptr<FrameSwitch> frameswitch = new FrameSwitch;
+            drawable->setName(triShape->name);
 
-                osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> geom2 = osg::clone(geometry.get(), osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_NODES|osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_DRAWABLES);
-                frameswitch->addChild(geometry);
-                frameswitch->addChild(geom2);
-
-                parentNode->addChild(frameswitch);
-            }
-            else
-                parentNode->addChild(geometry);
+            parentNode->addChild(drawable);
         }
 
-        osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> handleMorphGeometry(const Nif::NiGeomMorpherController* morpher, const Nif::NiTriShape *triShape, osg::Node* parentNode, SceneUtil::CompositeStateSetUpdater* composite, const std::vector<int>& boundTextures, int animflags)
+        osg::ref_ptr<osg::Drawable> handleMorphGeometry(const Nif::NiGeomMorpherController* morpher, const Nif::NiTriShape *triShape, osg::Node* parentNode, SceneUtil::CompositeStateSetUpdater* composite, const std::vector<int>& boundTextures, int animflags)
         {
-            osg::ref_ptr<osgAnimation::MorphGeometry> morphGeom = new osgAnimation::MorphGeometry;
-            morphGeom->setMethod(osgAnimation::MorphGeometry::RELATIVE);
-            // No normals available in the MorphData
-            morphGeom->setMorphNormals(false);
-
-            morphGeom->setUpdateCallback(NULL);
-            morphGeom->setCullCallback(new UpdateMorphGeometry);
-            morphGeom->setUseVertexBufferObjects(true);
-
-            triShapeToGeometry(triShape, morphGeom, parentNode, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
+            osg::ref_ptr<SceneUtil::MorphGeometry> morphGeom = new SceneUtil::MorphGeometry;
 
-            morphGeom->getOrCreateVertexBufferObject()->setUsage(GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW_ARB);
+            osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> sourceGeometry (new osg::Geometry);
+            triShapeToGeometry(triShape, sourceGeometry, parentNode, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
+            morphGeom->setSourceGeometry(sourceGeometry);
 
             const std::vector<Nif::NiMorphData::MorphData>& morphs = morpher->data.getPtr()->mMorphs;
             if (morphs.empty())
                 return morphGeom;
             // Note we are not interested in morph 0, which just contains the original vertices
             for (unsigned int i = 1; i < morphs.size(); ++i)
-            {
-                osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> morphTarget = new osg::Geometry;
-                morphTarget->setVertexArray(new osg::Vec3Array(morphs[i].mVertices.size(), &morphs[i].mVertices[0]));
-                morphGeom->addMorphTarget(morphTarget, 0.f);
-            }
-
-            // build the bounding box containing all possible morph combinations
-
-            std::vector<osg::BoundingBox> vertBounds(morphs[0].mVertices.size());
-
-            // Since we don't know what combinations of morphs are being applied we need to keep track of a bounding box for each vertex.
-            // The minimum/maximum of the box is the minimum/maximum offset the vertex can have from its starting position.
-
-            // Start with zero offsets which will happen when no morphs are applied.
-            for (unsigned int i=0; i<vertBounds.size(); ++i)
-                vertBounds[i].set(osg::Vec3f(0,0,0), osg::Vec3f(0,0,0));
-
-            for (unsigned int i = 1; i < morphs.size(); ++i)
-            {
-                for (unsigned int j=0; j<morphs[i].mVertices.size() && vertBounds.size(); ++j)
-                {
-                    osg::BoundingBox& bounds = vertBounds[j];
-                    bounds.expandBy(bounds._max + morphs[i].mVertices[j]);
-                    bounds.expandBy(bounds._min + morphs[i].mVertices[j]);
-                }
-            }
-
-            osg::BoundingBox box;
-            for (unsigned int i=0; i<vertBounds.size(); ++i)
-            {
-                vertBounds[i]._max += morphs[0].mVertices[i];
-                vertBounds[i]._min += morphs[0].mVertices[i];
-                box.expandBy(vertBounds[i]);
-            }
-
-            // For the initial bounding box (used for object placement) use the default pose, fire off a bounding compute to set this initial box
-            morphGeom->getBound();
-
-            // Now set up the callback so that we get properly enlarged bounds if/when the mesh starts animating
-            morphGeom->setComputeBoundingBoxCallback(new StaticBoundingBoxCallback(box));
+                morphGeom->addMorphTarget(new osg::Vec3Array(morphs[i].mVertices.size(), &morphs[i].mVertices[0]), 0.f);
 
             return morphGeom;
         }
@@ -1219,6 +1067,7 @@ namespace NifOsg
 
             osg::ref_ptr<SceneUtil::RigGeometry> rig(new SceneUtil::RigGeometry);
             rig->setSourceGeometry(geometry);
+            rig->setName(triShape->name);
 
             const Nif::NiSkinInstance *skin = triShape->skin.getPtr();
 
@@ -1233,7 +1082,6 @@ namespace NifOsg
 
                 SceneUtil::RigGeometry::BoneInfluence influence;
                 const std::vector<Nif::NiSkinData::VertWeight> &weights = data->bones[i].weights;
-                //influence.mWeights.reserve(weights.size());
                 for(size_t j = 0;j < weights.size();j++)
                 {
                     std::pair<unsigned short, float> indexWeight = std::make_pair(weights[j].vertex, weights[j].weight);
@@ -1246,17 +1094,7 @@ namespace NifOsg
             }
             rig->setInfluenceMap(map);
 
-            // Add a copy, we will alternate between the two copies every other frame using the FrameSwitch
-            // This is so we can set the DataVariance as STATIC, giving a huge performance boost
-            rig->setDataVariance(osg::Object::STATIC);
-
-            osg::ref_ptr<FrameSwitch> frameswitch = new FrameSwitch;
-
-            SceneUtil::RigGeometry* rig2 = osg::clone(rig.get(), osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_NODES|osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_DRAWABLES);
-            frameswitch->addChild(rig);
-            frameswitch->addChild(rig2);
-
-            parentNode->addChild(frameswitch);
+            parentNode->addChild(rig);
         }
 
         osg::BlendFunc::BlendFuncMode getBlendMode(int mode)
diff --git a/components/sceneutil/attach.cpp b/components/sceneutil/attach.cpp
index 1385f771e..1df1be27f 100644
--- a/components/sceneutil/attach.cpp
+++ b/components/sceneutil/attach.cpp
@@ -32,29 +32,29 @@ namespace SceneUtil
 
         virtual void apply(osg::MatrixTransform& node)
         {
-            applyNode(node);
-        }
-        virtual void apply(osg::Geometry& node)
-        {
-            applyNode(node);
+            traverse(node);
         }
         virtual void apply(osg::Node& node)
         {
-            applyNode(node);
+            traverse(node);
         }
         virtual void apply(osg::Group& node)
         {
-            applyNode(node);
+            traverse(node);
         }
 
-        void applyNode(osg::Node& node)
+        virtual void apply(osg::Drawable& drawable)
         {
-            std::string lowerName = Misc::StringUtils::lowerCase(node.getName());
+            std::string lowerName = Misc::StringUtils::lowerCase(drawable.getName());
             if ((lowerName.size() >= mFilter.size() && lowerName.compare(0, mFilter.size(), mFilter) == 0)
                     || (lowerName.size() >= mFilter2.size() && lowerName.compare(0, mFilter2.size(), mFilter2) == 0))
-                mToCopy.push_back(&node);
-            else
-                traverse(node);
+            {
+                osg::Node* node = &drawable;
+                while (node && node->getNumParents() && !node->getStateSet())
+                    node = node->getParent(0);
+                if (node)
+                    mToCopy.push_back(node);
+            }
         }
 
         void doCopy()
diff --git a/components/sceneutil/clone.cpp b/components/sceneutil/clone.cpp
index 738c7a30d..08f36cfcf 100644
--- a/components/sceneutil/clone.cpp
+++ b/components/sceneutil/clone.cpp
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #include <osgParticle/Emitter>
 #include <osgParticle/Program>
 
-#include <osgAnimation/MorphGeometry>
+#include <components/sceneutil/morphgeometry.hpp>
 
 #include <components/sceneutil/riggeometry.hpp>
 
@@ -49,46 +49,12 @@ namespace SceneUtil
     {
         if (const osgParticle::ParticleSystem* partsys = dynamic_cast<const osgParticle::ParticleSystem*>(drawable))
             return operator()(partsys);
-        if (dynamic_cast<const osgAnimation::MorphGeometry*>(drawable))
-        {
-            osg::CopyOp copyop = *this;
-            copyop.setCopyFlags(copyop.getCopyFlags()|osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_ARRAYS);
-
-#if OSG_VERSION_LESS_THAN(3,5,0)
-            /*
-
-            Deep copy of primitives required to work around the following (bad?) code in osg::Geometry copy constructor:
-
-            if ((copyop.getCopyFlags() & osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_ARRAYS))
-            {
-                if (_useVertexBufferObjects)
-                {
-                    // copying of arrays doesn't set up buffer objects so we'll need to force
-                    // Geometry to assign these, we'll do this by switching off VBO's then renabling them.
-                    setUseVertexBufferObjects(false);
-                    setUseVertexBufferObjects(true);
-                }
-            }
-
-            In case of DEEP_COPY_PRIMITIVES=Off, DEEP_COPY_ARRAYS=On, the above code makes a modification to the original const Geometry& we copied from,
-            causing problems if we relied on the original Geometry to remain static such as when it was added to an osgUtil::IncrementalCompileOperation.
 
-            Fixed in OSG 3.5 ( http://forum.openscenegraph.org/viewtopic.php?t=15217 ).
-
-            */
-
-            copyop.setCopyFlags(copyop.getCopyFlags()|osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_PRIMITIVES);
-#endif
-
-            osg::Drawable* cloned = osg::clone(drawable, copyop);
-            return cloned;
-        }
-        if (dynamic_cast<const SceneUtil::RigGeometry*>(drawable))
+        if (dynamic_cast<const SceneUtil::RigGeometry*>(drawable) || dynamic_cast<const SceneUtil::MorphGeometry*>(drawable))
         {
             return osg::clone(drawable, *this);
         }
 
-
         return osg::CopyOp::operator()(drawable);
     }
 
diff --git a/components/sceneutil/morphgeometry.cpp b/components/sceneutil/morphgeometry.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2ffbace3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/components/sceneutil/morphgeometry.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+#include "morphgeometry.hpp"
+
+#include <cassert>
+
+namespace SceneUtil
+{
+
+MorphGeometry::MorphGeometry()
+    : mLastFrameNumber(0)
+    , mDirty(true)
+    , mMorphedBoundingBox(false)
+{
+
+}
+
+MorphGeometry::MorphGeometry(const MorphGeometry &copy, const osg::CopyOp &copyop)
+    : osg::Drawable(copy, copyop)
+    , mMorphTargets(copy.mMorphTargets)
+    , mLastFrameNumber(0)
+    , mDirty(true)
+    , mMorphedBoundingBox(false)
+{
+    setSourceGeometry(copy.getSourceGeometry());
+}
+
+void MorphGeometry::setSourceGeometry(osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> sourceGeom)
+{
+    mSourceGeometry = sourceGeom;
+
+    for (unsigned int i=0; i<2; ++i)
+    {
+        mGeometry[i] = new osg::Geometry(*mSourceGeometry, osg::CopyOp::SHALLOW_COPY);
+
+        const osg::Geometry& from = *mSourceGeometry;
+        osg::Geometry& to = *mGeometry[i];
+        to.setSupportsDisplayList(false);
+        to.setUseVertexBufferObjects(true);
+        to.setCullingActive(false); // make sure to disable culling since that's handled by this class
+
+        // vertices are modified every frame, so we need to deep copy them.
+        // assign a dedicated VBO to make sure that modifications don't interfere with source geometry's VBO.
+        osg::ref_ptr<osg::VertexBufferObject> vbo (new osg::VertexBufferObject);
+        vbo->setUsage(GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW_ARB);
+
+        osg::ref_ptr<osg::Array> vertexArray = osg::clone(from.getVertexArray(), osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_ALL);
+        if (vertexArray)
+        {
+            vertexArray->setVertexBufferObject(vbo);
+            to.setVertexArray(vertexArray);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void MorphGeometry::addMorphTarget(osg::Vec3Array *offsets, float weight)
+{
+    mMorphTargets.push_back(MorphTarget(offsets, weight));
+    mMorphedBoundingBox = false;
+    dirty();
+}
+
+void MorphGeometry::dirty()
+{
+    mDirty = true;
+    if (!mMorphedBoundingBox)
+    {
+        _boundingBoxComputed = false;
+        dirtyBound();
+    }
+}
+
+osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> MorphGeometry::getSourceGeometry() const
+{
+    return mSourceGeometry;
+}
+
+void MorphGeometry::accept(osg::NodeVisitor &nv)
+{
+    if (!nv.validNodeMask(*this))
+        return;
+
+    nv.pushOntoNodePath(this);
+
+    if (nv.getVisitorType() == osg::NodeVisitor::CULL_VISITOR)
+        cull(&nv);
+    else
+        nv.apply(*this);
+
+    nv.popFromNodePath();
+}
+
+void MorphGeometry::accept(osg::PrimitiveFunctor& func) const
+{
+    getGeometry(mLastFrameNumber)->accept(func);
+}
+
+osg::BoundingBox MorphGeometry::computeBoundingBox() const
+{
+    bool anyMorphTarget = false;
+    for (unsigned int i=0; i<mMorphTargets.size(); ++i)
+        if (mMorphTargets[i].getWeight() > 0)
+        {
+            anyMorphTarget = true;
+            break;
+        }
+
+    // before the MorphGeometry has started animating, we will use a regular bounding box (this is required
+    // for correct object placements, which uses the bounding box)
+    if (!mMorphedBoundingBox && !anyMorphTarget)
+    {
+        return mSourceGeometry->getBoundingBox();
+    }
+    // once it animates, use a bounding box that encompasses all possible animations so as to avoid recalculating
+    else
+    {
+        mMorphedBoundingBox = true;
+
+        osg::Vec3Array& sourceVerts = *static_cast<osg::Vec3Array*>(mSourceGeometry->getVertexArray());
+        std::vector<osg::BoundingBox> vertBounds(sourceVerts.size());
+
+        // Since we don't know what combinations of morphs are being applied we need to keep track of a bounding box for each vertex.
+        // The minimum/maximum of the box is the minimum/maximum offset the vertex can have from its starting position.
+
+        // Start with zero offsets which will happen when no morphs are applied.
+        for (unsigned int i=0; i<vertBounds.size(); ++i)
+            vertBounds[i].set(osg::Vec3f(0,0,0), osg::Vec3f(0,0,0));
+
+        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < mMorphTargets.size(); ++i)
+        {
+            const osg::Vec3Array& offsets = *mMorphTargets[i].getOffsets();
+            for (unsigned int j=0; j<offsets.size() && j<vertBounds.size(); ++j)
+            {
+                osg::BoundingBox& bounds = vertBounds[j];
+                bounds.expandBy(bounds._max + offsets[j]);
+                bounds.expandBy(bounds._min + offsets[j]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        osg::BoundingBox box;
+        for (unsigned int i=0; i<vertBounds.size(); ++i)
+        {
+            vertBounds[i]._max += sourceVerts[i];
+            vertBounds[i]._min += sourceVerts[i];
+            box.expandBy(vertBounds[i]);
+        }
+        return box;
+    }
+}
+
+void MorphGeometry::cull(osg::NodeVisitor *nv)
+{
+    if (mLastFrameNumber == nv->getTraversalNumber() || !mDirty)
+    {
+        osg::Geometry& geom = *getGeometry(mLastFrameNumber);
+        nv->pushOntoNodePath(&geom);
+        nv->apply(geom);
+        nv->popFromNodePath();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    mDirty = false;
+    mLastFrameNumber = nv->getTraversalNumber();
+    osg::Geometry& geom = *getGeometry(mLastFrameNumber);
+
+    const osg::Vec3Array* positionSrc = static_cast<osg::Vec3Array*>(mSourceGeometry->getVertexArray());
+    osg::Vec3Array* positionDst = static_cast<osg::Vec3Array*>(geom.getVertexArray());
+    assert(positionSrc->size() == positionDst->size());
+    for (unsigned int vertex=0; vertex<positionSrc->size(); ++vertex)
+        (*positionDst)[vertex] = (*positionSrc)[vertex];
+
+    for (unsigned int i=0; i<mMorphTargets.size(); ++i)
+    {
+        float weight = mMorphTargets[i].getWeight();
+        if (weight == 0.f)
+            continue;
+        const osg::Vec3Array* offsets = mMorphTargets[i].getOffsets();
+        for (unsigned int vertex=0; vertex<positionSrc->size(); ++vertex)
+            (*positionDst)[vertex] += (*offsets)[vertex] * weight;
+    }
+
+    positionDst->dirty();
+
+    nv->pushOntoNodePath(&geom);
+    nv->apply(geom);
+    nv->popFromNodePath();
+}
+
+osg::Geometry* MorphGeometry::getGeometry(unsigned int frame) const
+{
+    return mGeometry[frame%2];
+}
+
+
+}
diff --git a/components/sceneutil/morphgeometry.hpp b/components/sceneutil/morphgeometry.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..122c1456c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/components/sceneutil/morphgeometry.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#ifndef OPENMW_COMPONENTS_MORPHGEOMETRY_H
+#define OPENMW_COMPONENTS_MORPHGEOMETRY_H
+
+#include <osg/Geometry>
+
+namespace SceneUtil
+{
+
+    /// @brief Vertex morphing implementation.
+    /// @note The internal Geometry used for rendering is double buffered, this allows updates to be done in a thread safe way while
+    /// not compromising rendering performance. This is crucial when using osg's default threading model of DrawThreadPerContext.
+    class MorphGeometry : public osg::Drawable
+    {
+    public:
+        MorphGeometry();
+        MorphGeometry(const MorphGeometry& copy, const osg::CopyOp& copyop);
+
+        META_Object(SceneUtil, MorphGeometry)
+
+        /// Initialize this geometry from the source geometry.
+        /// @note The source geometry will not be modified.
+        void setSourceGeometry(osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> sourceGeom);
+
+        class MorphTarget
+        {
+        protected:
+            osg::ref_ptr<osg::Vec3Array> mOffsets;
+            float mWeight;
+        public:
+            MorphTarget(osg::Vec3Array* offsets, float w = 1.0) : mOffsets(offsets), mWeight(w) {}
+            void setWeight(float weight) { mWeight = weight; }
+            float getWeight() const { return mWeight; }
+            osg::Vec3Array* getOffsets() { return mOffsets.get(); }
+            const osg::Vec3Array* getOffsets() const { return mOffsets.get(); }
+            void setOffsets(osg::Vec3Array* offsets) { mOffsets = offsets; }
+        };
+
+        typedef std::vector<MorphTarget> MorphTargetList;
+
+        virtual void addMorphTarget( osg::Vec3Array* offsets, float weight = 1.0 );
+
+        /** Set the MorphGeometry dirty.*/
+        void dirty();
+
+        /** Get the list of MorphTargets.*/
+        const MorphTargetList& getMorphTargetList() const { return mMorphTargets; }
+
+        /** Get the list of MorphTargets. Warning if you modify this array you will have to call dirty() */
+        MorphTargetList& getMorphTargetList() { return mMorphTargets; }
+
+        /** Return the \c MorphTarget at position \c i.*/
+        inline const MorphTarget& getMorphTarget( unsigned int i ) const { return mMorphTargets[i]; }
+
+        /** Return the \c MorphTarget at position \c i.*/
+        inline MorphTarget& getMorphTarget( unsigned int i ) { return mMorphTargets[i]; }
+
+        osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> getSourceGeometry() const;
+
+        virtual void accept(osg::NodeVisitor &nv);
+        virtual bool supports(const osg::PrimitiveFunctor&) const { return true; }
+        virtual void accept(osg::PrimitiveFunctor&) const;
+
+        virtual osg::BoundingBox computeBoundingBox() const;
+
+    private:
+        void cull(osg::NodeVisitor* nv);
+
+        MorphTargetList mMorphTargets;
+
+        osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> mSourceGeometry;
+
+        osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> mGeometry[2];
+        osg::Geometry* getGeometry(unsigned int frame) const;
+
+        unsigned int mLastFrameNumber;
+        bool mDirty; // Have any morph targets changed?
+
+        mutable bool mMorphedBoundingBox;
+    };
+
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/components/sceneutil/riggeometry.cpp b/components/sceneutil/riggeometry.cpp
index 9adfdcddb..7f148cf5e 100644
--- a/components/sceneutil/riggeometry.cpp
+++ b/components/sceneutil/riggeometry.cpp
@@ -10,73 +10,17 @@
 namespace SceneUtil
 {
 
-class UpdateRigBounds : public osg::Drawable::UpdateCallback
-{
-public:
-    UpdateRigBounds()
-    {
-    }
-
-    UpdateRigBounds(const UpdateRigBounds& copy, const osg::CopyOp& copyop)
-        : osg::Drawable::UpdateCallback(copy, copyop)
-    {
-    }
-
-    META_Object(SceneUtil, UpdateRigBounds)
-
-    void update(osg::NodeVisitor* nv, osg::Drawable* drw)
-    {
-        RigGeometry* rig = static_cast<RigGeometry*>(drw);
-
-        rig->updateBounds(nv);
-    }
-};
-
-// TODO: make threadsafe for multiple cull threads
-class UpdateRigGeometry : public osg::Drawable::CullCallback
-{
-public:
-    UpdateRigGeometry()
-    {
-    }
-
-    UpdateRigGeometry(const UpdateRigGeometry& copy, const osg::CopyOp& copyop)
-        : osg::Drawable::CullCallback(copy, copyop)
-    {
-    }
-
-    META_Object(SceneUtil, UpdateRigGeometry)
-
-    virtual bool cull(osg::NodeVisitor* nv, osg::Drawable* drw, osg::State*) const
-    {
-        RigGeometry* geom = static_cast<RigGeometry*>(drw);
-        geom->update(nv);
-        return false;
-    }
-};
-
-// We can't compute the bounds without a NodeVisitor, since we need the current geomToSkelMatrix.
-// So we return nothing. Bounds are updated every frame in the UpdateCallback.
-class DummyComputeBoundCallback : public osg::Drawable::ComputeBoundingBoxCallback
-{
-public:
-    virtual osg::BoundingBox computeBound(const osg::Drawable&) const  { return osg::BoundingBox(); }
-};
-
 RigGeometry::RigGeometry()
     : mSkeleton(NULL)
     , mLastFrameNumber(0)
     , mBoundsFirstFrame(true)
 {
-    setCullCallback(new UpdateRigGeometry);
-    setUpdateCallback(new UpdateRigBounds);
-    setSupportsDisplayList(false);
-    setUseVertexBufferObjects(true);
-    setComputeBoundingBoxCallback(new DummyComputeBoundCallback);
+    setUpdateCallback(new osg::Callback); // dummy to make sure getNumChildrenRequiringUpdateTraversal() is correct
+                                          // update done in accept(NodeVisitor&)
 }
 
 RigGeometry::RigGeometry(const RigGeometry &copy, const osg::CopyOp &copyop)
-    : osg::Geometry(copy, copyop)
+    : Drawable(copy, copyop)
     , mSkeleton(NULL)
     , mInfluenceMap(copy.mInfluenceMap)
     , mLastFrameNumber(0)
@@ -89,57 +33,47 @@ void RigGeometry::setSourceGeometry(osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> sourceGeometry)
 {
     mSourceGeometry = sourceGeometry;
 
-    osg::Geometry& from = *sourceGeometry;
-
-    if (from.getStateSet())
-        setStateSet(from.getStateSet());
-
-    // shallow copy primitive sets & vertex attributes that we will not modify
-    setPrimitiveSetList(from.getPrimitiveSetList());
-    setColorArray(from.getColorArray());
-    setSecondaryColorArray(from.getSecondaryColorArray());
-    setFogCoordArray(from.getFogCoordArray());
-
-    // need to copy over texcoord list manually due to a missing null pointer check in setTexCoordArrayList(), this has been fixed in OSG 3.5
-    osg::Geometry::ArrayList& texCoordList = from.getTexCoordArrayList();
-    for (unsigned int i=0; i<texCoordList.size(); ++i)
-        if (texCoordList[i])
-            setTexCoordArray(i, texCoordList[i], osg::Array::BIND_PER_VERTEX);
-
-    setVertexAttribArrayList(from.getVertexAttribArrayList());
-
-    // vertices and normals are modified every frame, so we need to deep copy them.
-    // assign a dedicated VBO to make sure that modifications don't interfere with source geometry's VBO.
-    osg::ref_ptr<osg::VertexBufferObject> vbo (new osg::VertexBufferObject);
-    vbo->setUsage(GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW_ARB);
-
-    osg::ref_ptr<osg::Array> vertexArray = osg::clone(from.getVertexArray(), osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_ALL);
-    if (vertexArray)
+    for (unsigned int i=0; i<2; ++i)
     {
-        vertexArray->setVertexBufferObject(vbo);
-        setVertexArray(vertexArray);
-    }
-
-    if (osg::Array* normals = from.getNormalArray())
-    {
-        osg::ref_ptr<osg::Array> normalArray = osg::clone(normals, osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_ALL);
-        if (normalArray)
+        const osg::Geometry& from = *sourceGeometry;
+        mGeometry[i] = new osg::Geometry(from, osg::CopyOp::SHALLOW_COPY);
+        osg::Geometry& to = *mGeometry[i];
+        to.setSupportsDisplayList(false);
+        to.setUseVertexBufferObjects(true);
+        to.setCullingActive(false); // make sure to disable culling since that's handled by this class
+
+        // vertices and normals are modified every frame, so we need to deep copy them.
+        // assign a dedicated VBO to make sure that modifications don't interfere with source geometry's VBO.
+        osg::ref_ptr<osg::VertexBufferObject> vbo (new osg::VertexBufferObject);
+        vbo->setUsage(GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW_ARB);
+
+        osg::ref_ptr<osg::Array> vertexArray = osg::clone(from.getVertexArray(), osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_ALL);
+        if (vertexArray)
         {
-            normalArray->setVertexBufferObject(vbo);
-            setNormalArray(normalArray, osg::Array::BIND_PER_VERTEX);
+            vertexArray->setVertexBufferObject(vbo);
+            to.setVertexArray(vertexArray);
         }
-    }
 
+        if (const osg::Array* normals = from.getNormalArray())
+        {
+            osg::ref_ptr<osg::Array> normalArray = osg::clone(normals, osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_ALL);
+            if (normalArray)
+            {
+                normalArray->setVertexBufferObject(vbo);
+                to.setNormalArray(normalArray, osg::Array::BIND_PER_VERTEX);
+            }
+        }
 
-    if (osg::Vec4Array* tangents = dynamic_cast<osg::Vec4Array*>(from.getTexCoordArray(7)))
-    {
-        mSourceTangents = tangents;
-        osg::ref_ptr<osg::Array> tangentArray = osg::clone(tangents, osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_ALL);
-        tangentArray->setVertexBufferObject(vbo);
-        setTexCoordArray(7, tangentArray, osg::Array::BIND_PER_VERTEX);
+        if (const osg::Vec4Array* tangents = dynamic_cast<const osg::Vec4Array*>(from.getTexCoordArray(7)))
+        {
+            mSourceTangents = tangents;
+            osg::ref_ptr<osg::Array> tangentArray = osg::clone(tangents, osg::CopyOp::DEEP_COPY_ALL);
+            tangentArray->setVertexBufferObject(vbo);
+            to.setTexCoordArray(7, tangentArray, osg::Array::BIND_PER_VERTEX);
+        }
+        else
+            mSourceTangents = NULL;
     }
-    else
-        mSourceTangents = NULL;
 }
 
 osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> RigGeometry::getSourceGeometry()
@@ -228,7 +162,7 @@ void accumulateMatrix(const osg::Matrixf& invBindMatrix, const osg::Matrixf& mat
     ptrresult[14] += ptr[14] * weight;
 }
 
-void RigGeometry::update(osg::NodeVisitor* nv)
+void RigGeometry::cull(osg::NodeVisitor* nv)
 {
     if (!mSkeleton)
     {
@@ -238,23 +172,27 @@ void RigGeometry::update(osg::NodeVisitor* nv)
             return;
     }
 
-    if (!mSkeleton->getActive() && mLastFrameNumber != 0)
-        return;
-
-    if (mLastFrameNumber == nv->getTraversalNumber())
+    if ((!mSkeleton->getActive() && mLastFrameNumber != 0) || mLastFrameNumber == nv->getTraversalNumber())
+    {
+        osg::Geometry& geom = *getGeometry(mLastFrameNumber);
+        nv->pushOntoNodePath(&geom);
+        nv->apply(geom);
+        nv->popFromNodePath();
         return;
+    }
     mLastFrameNumber = nv->getTraversalNumber();
+    osg::Geometry& geom = *getGeometry(mLastFrameNumber);
 
     mSkeleton->updateBoneMatrices(nv->getTraversalNumber());
 
     // skinning
-    osg::Vec3Array* positionSrc = static_cast<osg::Vec3Array*>(mSourceGeometry->getVertexArray());
-    osg::Vec3Array* normalSrc = static_cast<osg::Vec3Array*>(mSourceGeometry->getNormalArray());
-    osg::Vec4Array* tangentSrc = mSourceTangents;
+    const osg::Vec3Array* positionSrc = static_cast<osg::Vec3Array*>(mSourceGeometry->getVertexArray());
+    const osg::Vec3Array* normalSrc = static_cast<osg::Vec3Array*>(mSourceGeometry->getNormalArray());
+    const osg::Vec4Array* tangentSrc = mSourceTangents;
 
-    osg::Vec3Array* positionDst = static_cast<osg::Vec3Array*>(getVertexArray());
-    osg::Vec3Array* normalDst = static_cast<osg::Vec3Array*>(getNormalArray());
-    osg::Vec4Array* tangentDst = static_cast<osg::Vec4Array*>(getTexCoordArray(7));
+    osg::Vec3Array* positionDst = static_cast<osg::Vec3Array*>(geom.getVertexArray());
+    osg::Vec3Array* normalDst = static_cast<osg::Vec3Array*>(geom.getNormalArray());
+    osg::Vec4Array* tangentDst = static_cast<osg::Vec4Array*>(geom.getTexCoordArray(7));
 
     for (Bone2VertexMap::const_iterator it = mBone2VertexMap.begin(); it != mBone2VertexMap.end(); ++it)
     {
@@ -294,6 +232,10 @@ void RigGeometry::update(osg::NodeVisitor* nv)
         normalDst->dirty();
     if (tangentDst)
         tangentDst->dirty();
+
+    nv->pushOntoNodePath(&geom);
+    nv->apply(geom);
+    nv->popFromNodePath();
 }
 
 void RigGeometry::updateBounds(osg::NodeVisitor *nv)
@@ -365,5 +307,32 @@ void RigGeometry::setInfluenceMap(osg::ref_ptr<InfluenceMap> influenceMap)
     mInfluenceMap = influenceMap;
 }
 
+void RigGeometry::accept(osg::NodeVisitor &nv)
+{
+    if (!nv.validNodeMask(*this))
+        return;
+
+    nv.pushOntoNodePath(this);
+
+    if (nv.getVisitorType() == osg::NodeVisitor::CULL_VISITOR)
+        cull(&nv);
+    else if (nv.getVisitorType() == osg::NodeVisitor::UPDATE_VISITOR)
+        updateBounds(&nv);
+    else
+        nv.apply(*this);
+
+    nv.popFromNodePath();
+}
+
+void RigGeometry::accept(osg::PrimitiveFunctor& func) const
+{
+    getGeometry(mLastFrameNumber)->accept(func);
+}
+
+osg::Geometry* RigGeometry::getGeometry(unsigned int frame) const
+{
+    return mGeometry[frame%2].get();
+}
+
 
 }
diff --git a/components/sceneutil/riggeometry.hpp b/components/sceneutil/riggeometry.hpp
index 39829bcb0..64f4bf312 100644
--- a/components/sceneutil/riggeometry.hpp
+++ b/components/sceneutil/riggeometry.hpp
@@ -13,10 +13,9 @@ namespace SceneUtil
     /// @brief Mesh skinning implementation.
     /// @note A RigGeometry may be attached directly to a Skeleton, or somewhere below a Skeleton.
     /// Note though that the RigGeometry ignores any transforms below the Skeleton, so the attachment point is not that important.
-    /// @note To avoid race conditions, the rig geometry needs to be double buffered. This can be done
-    /// using a FrameSwitch node that has two RigGeometry children. In the future we may want to consider implementing
-    /// the double buffering inside RigGeometry.
-    class RigGeometry : public osg::Geometry
+    /// @note The internal Geometry used for rendering is double buffered, this allows updates to be done in a thread safe way while
+    /// not compromising rendering performance. This is crucial when using osg's default threading model of DrawThreadPerContext.
+    class RigGeometry : public osg::Drawable
     {
     public:
         RigGeometry();
@@ -24,6 +23,9 @@ namespace SceneUtil
 
         META_Object(SceneUtil, RigGeometry)
 
+        // At this point compileGLObjects() remains unimplemented, hard to avoid race conditions
+        // and there is limited value in compiling anyway since the data will change again for the next frame
+
         struct BoneInfluence
         {
             osg::Matrixf mInvBindMatrix;
@@ -45,15 +47,19 @@ namespace SceneUtil
 
         osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> getSourceGeometry();
 
-        // Called automatically by our CullCallback
-        void update(osg::NodeVisitor* nv);
+        virtual void accept(osg::NodeVisitor &nv);
+        virtual bool supports(const osg::PrimitiveFunctor&) const { return true; }
+        virtual void accept(osg::PrimitiveFunctor&) const;
 
-        // Called automatically by our UpdateCallback
+    private:
+        void cull(osg::NodeVisitor* nv);
         void updateBounds(osg::NodeVisitor* nv);
 
-    private:
+        osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> mGeometry[2];
+        osg::Geometry* getGeometry(unsigned int frame) const;
+
         osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> mSourceGeometry;
-        osg::ref_ptr<osg::Vec4Array> mSourceTangents;
+        osg::ref_ptr<const osg::Vec4Array> mSourceTangents;
         Skeleton* mSkeleton;
 
         osg::ref_ptr<osg::RefMatrix> mGeomToSkelMatrix;
diff --git a/components/sceneutil/serialize.cpp b/components/sceneutil/serialize.cpp
index 64094275c..ab0321532 100644
--- a/components/sceneutil/serialize.cpp
+++ b/components/sceneutil/serialize.cpp
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <components/sceneutil/positionattitudetransform.hpp>
 #include <components/sceneutil/skeleton.hpp>
 #include <components/sceneutil/riggeometry.hpp>
+#include <components/sceneutil/morphgeometry.hpp>
 
 namespace SceneUtil
 {
@@ -37,20 +38,20 @@ public:
     }
 };
 
-class FrameSwitchSerializer : public osgDB::ObjectWrapper
+class RigGeometrySerializer : public osgDB::ObjectWrapper
 {
 public:
-    FrameSwitchSerializer()
-        : osgDB::ObjectWrapper(createInstanceFunc<osg::Group>, "NifOsg::FrameSwitch", "osg::Object osg::Node osg::Group NifOsg::FrameSwitch")
+    RigGeometrySerializer()
+        : osgDB::ObjectWrapper(createInstanceFunc<SceneUtil::RigGeometry>, "SceneUtil::RigGeometry", "osg::Object osg::Node osg::Drawable SceneUtil::RigGeometry")
     {
     }
 };
 
-class RigGeometrySerializer : public osgDB::ObjectWrapper
+class MorphGeometrySerializer : public osgDB::ObjectWrapper
 {
 public:
-    RigGeometrySerializer()
-        : osgDB::ObjectWrapper(createInstanceFunc<SceneUtil::RigGeometry>, "SceneUtil::RigGeometry", "osg::Object osg::Node osg::Drawable osg::Geometry SceneUtil::RigGeometry")
+    MorphGeometrySerializer()
+        : osgDB::ObjectWrapper(createInstanceFunc<SceneUtil::MorphGeometry>, "SceneUtil::MorphGeometry", "osg::Object osg::Node osg::Drawable SceneUtil::MorphGeometry")
     {
     }
 };
@@ -95,8 +96,8 @@ void registerSerializers()
         osgDB::ObjectWrapperManager* mgr = osgDB::Registry::instance()->getObjectWrapperManager();
         mgr->addWrapper(new PositionAttitudeTransformSerializer);
         mgr->addWrapper(new SkeletonSerializer);
-        mgr->addWrapper(new FrameSwitchSerializer);
         mgr->addWrapper(new RigGeometrySerializer);
+        mgr->addWrapper(new MorphGeometrySerializer);
         mgr->addWrapper(new LightManagerSerializer);
         mgr->addWrapper(new CameraRelativeTransformSerializer);
 
diff --git a/components/sceneutil/skeleton.cpp b/components/sceneutil/skeleton.cpp
index 49bc5b70f..116edfdb4 100644
--- a/components/sceneutil/skeleton.cpp
+++ b/components/sceneutil/skeleton.cpp
@@ -38,8 +38,6 @@ Skeleton::Skeleton()
     , mNeedToUpdateBoneMatrices(true)
     , mActive(true)
     , mLastFrameNumber(0)
-    , mTraversedEvenFrame(false)
-    , mTraversedOddFrame(false)
 {
 
 }
@@ -50,8 +48,6 @@ Skeleton::Skeleton(const Skeleton &copy, const osg::CopyOp &copyop)
     , mNeedToUpdateBoneMatrices(true)
     , mActive(copy.mActive)
     , mLastFrameNumber(0)
-    , mTraversedEvenFrame(false)
-    , mTraversedOddFrame(false)
 {
 
 }
@@ -115,11 +111,6 @@ void Skeleton::updateBoneMatrices(unsigned int traversalNumber)
 
     mLastFrameNumber = traversalNumber;
 
-    if (mLastFrameNumber % 2 == 0)
-        mTraversedEvenFrame = true;
-    else
-        mTraversedOddFrame = true;
-
     if (mNeedToUpdateBoneMatrices)
     {
         if (mRootBone.get())
@@ -144,18 +135,14 @@ bool Skeleton::getActive() const
 
 void Skeleton::markDirty()
 {
-    mTraversedEvenFrame = false;
-    mTraversedOddFrame = false;
+    mLastFrameNumber = 0;
     mBoneCache.clear();
     mBoneCacheInit = false;
 }
 
 void Skeleton::traverse(osg::NodeVisitor& nv)
 {
-    if (!getActive() && nv.getVisitorType() == osg::NodeVisitor::UPDATE_VISITOR
-            // need to process at least 2 frames before shutting off update, since we need to have both frame-alternating RigGeometries initialized
-            // this would be more naturally handled if the double-buffering was implemented in RigGeometry itself rather than in a FrameSwitch decorator node
-            && mLastFrameNumber != 0 && mTraversedEvenFrame && mTraversedOddFrame)
+    if (!getActive() && nv.getVisitorType() == osg::NodeVisitor::UPDATE_VISITOR && mLastFrameNumber != 0)
         return;
     osg::Group::traverse(nv);
 }
diff --git a/components/sceneutil/skeleton.hpp b/components/sceneutil/skeleton.hpp
index 542471ff1..245e3522c 100644
--- a/components/sceneutil/skeleton.hpp
+++ b/components/sceneutil/skeleton.hpp
@@ -74,8 +74,6 @@ namespace SceneUtil
         bool mActive;
 
         unsigned int mLastFrameNumber;
-        bool mTraversedEvenFrame;
-        bool mTraversedOddFrame;
     };
 
 }
diff --git a/components/shader/shadervisitor.cpp b/components/shader/shadervisitor.cpp
index d85b72203..9b3876d6c 100644
--- a/components/shader/shadervisitor.cpp
+++ b/components/shader/shadervisitor.cpp
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <components/resource/imagemanager.hpp>
 #include <components/vfs/manager.hpp>
 #include <components/sceneutil/riggeometry.hpp>
+#include <components/sceneutil/morphgeometry.hpp>
 
 #include "shadermanager.hpp"
 
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ namespace Shader
         , mMaterialOverridden(false)
         , mNormalHeight(false)
         , mTexStageRequiringTangents(-1)
+        , mNode(NULL)
     {
     }
 
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ namespace Shader
     {
         if (node.getStateSet())
         {
-            pushRequirements();
+            pushRequirements(node);
             applyStateSet(node.getStateSet(), node);
             traverse(node);
             popRequirements();
@@ -234,9 +236,10 @@ namespace Shader
         }
     }
 
-    void ShaderVisitor::pushRequirements()
+    void ShaderVisitor::pushRequirements(osg::Node& node)
     {
         mRequirements.push_back(mRequirements.back());
+        mRequirements.back().mNode = &node;
     }
 
     void ShaderVisitor::popRequirements()
@@ -244,8 +247,12 @@ namespace Shader
         mRequirements.pop_back();
     }
 
-    void ShaderVisitor::createProgram(const ShaderRequirements &reqs, osg::Node& node)
+    void ShaderVisitor::createProgram(const ShaderRequirements &reqs)
     {
+        if (!reqs.mShaderRequired && !mForceShaders)
+            return;
+
+        osg::Node& node = *reqs.mNode;
         osg::StateSet* writableStateSet = NULL;
         if (mAllowedToModifyStateSets)
             writableStateSet = node.getOrCreateStateSet();
@@ -302,12 +309,42 @@ namespace Shader
         }
     }
 
+    bool ShaderVisitor::adjustGeometry(osg::Geometry& sourceGeometry, const ShaderRequirements& reqs)
+    {
+        bool useShader = reqs.mShaderRequired || mForceShaders;
+        bool generateTangents = reqs.mTexStageRequiringTangents != -1;
+        bool changed = false;
+
+        if (mAllowedToModifyStateSets && (useShader || generateTangents))
+        {
+            // make sure that all UV sets are there
+            for (std::map<int, std::string>::const_iterator it = reqs.mTextures.begin(); it != reqs.mTextures.end(); ++it)
+            {
+                if (sourceGeometry.getTexCoordArray(it->first) == NULL)
+                {
+                    sourceGeometry.setTexCoordArray(it->first, sourceGeometry.getTexCoordArray(0));
+                    changed = true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (generateTangents)
+            {
+                osg::ref_ptr<osgUtil::TangentSpaceGenerator> generator (new osgUtil::TangentSpaceGenerator);
+                generator->generate(&sourceGeometry, reqs.mTexStageRequiringTangents);
+
+                sourceGeometry.setTexCoordArray(7, generator->getTangentArray(), osg::Array::BIND_PER_VERTEX);
+                changed = true;
+            }
+        }
+        return changed;
+    }
+
     void ShaderVisitor::apply(osg::Geometry& geometry)
     {
         bool needPop = (geometry.getStateSet() != NULL);
-        if (geometry.getStateSet())
+        if (geometry.getStateSet()) // TODO: check if stateset affects shader permutation before pushing it
         {
-            pushRequirements();
+            pushRequirements(geometry);
             applyStateSet(geometry.getStateSet(), geometry);
         }
 
@@ -315,44 +352,9 @@ namespace Shader
         {
             const ShaderRequirements& reqs = mRequirements.back();
 
-            bool useShader = reqs.mShaderRequired || mForceShaders;
-            bool generateTangents = reqs.mTexStageRequiringTangents != -1;
-
-            if (mAllowedToModifyStateSets && (useShader || generateTangents))
-            {
-                osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> sourceGeometry = &geometry;
-                SceneUtil::RigGeometry* rig = dynamic_cast<SceneUtil::RigGeometry*>(&geometry);
-                if (rig)
-                    sourceGeometry = rig->getSourceGeometry();
-
-                bool requiresSetGeometry = false;
+            adjustGeometry(geometry, reqs);
 
-                // make sure that all UV sets are there
-                for (std::map<int, std::string>::const_iterator it = reqs.mTextures.begin(); it != reqs.mTextures.end(); ++it)
-                {
-                    if (sourceGeometry->getTexCoordArray(it->first) == NULL)
-                    {
-                        sourceGeometry->setTexCoordArray(it->first, sourceGeometry->getTexCoordArray(0));
-                        requiresSetGeometry = true;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                if (generateTangents)
-                {
-                    osg::ref_ptr<osgUtil::TangentSpaceGenerator> generator (new osgUtil::TangentSpaceGenerator);
-                    generator->generate(sourceGeometry, reqs.mTexStageRequiringTangents);
-
-                    sourceGeometry->setTexCoordArray(7, generator->getTangentArray(), osg::Array::BIND_PER_VERTEX);
-                    requiresSetGeometry = true;
-                }
-
-                if (rig && requiresSetGeometry)
-                    rig->setSourceGeometry(sourceGeometry);
-            }
-
-            // TODO: find a better place for the stateset
-            if (useShader)
-                createProgram(reqs, geometry);
+            createProgram(reqs);
         }
 
         if (needPop)
@@ -366,16 +368,27 @@ namespace Shader
 
         if (drawable.getStateSet())
         {
-            pushRequirements();
+            pushRequirements(drawable);
             applyStateSet(drawable.getStateSet(), drawable);
         }
 
         if (!mRequirements.empty())
         {
             const ShaderRequirements& reqs = mRequirements.back();
-            // TODO: find a better place for the stateset
-            if (reqs.mShaderRequired || mForceShaders)
-                createProgram(reqs, drawable);
+            createProgram(reqs);
+
+            if (auto rig = dynamic_cast<SceneUtil::RigGeometry*>(&drawable))
+            {
+                osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> sourceGeometry = rig->getSourceGeometry();
+                if (sourceGeometry && adjustGeometry(*sourceGeometry, reqs))
+                    rig->setSourceGeometry(sourceGeometry);
+            }
+            else if (auto morph = dynamic_cast<SceneUtil::MorphGeometry*>(&drawable))
+            {
+                osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> sourceGeometry = morph->getSourceGeometry();
+                if (sourceGeometry && adjustGeometry(*sourceGeometry, reqs))
+                    morph->setSourceGeometry(sourceGeometry);
+            }
         }
 
         if (needPop)
diff --git a/components/shader/shadervisitor.hpp b/components/shader/shadervisitor.hpp
index 8f4597ff3..cb0538d9d 100644
--- a/components/shader/shadervisitor.hpp
+++ b/components/shader/shadervisitor.hpp
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ namespace Shader
 
         void applyStateSet(osg::ref_ptr<osg::StateSet> stateset, osg::Node& node);
 
-        void pushRequirements();
+        void pushRequirements(osg::Node& node);
         void popRequirements();
 
     private:
@@ -89,13 +89,17 @@ namespace Shader
 
             // -1 == no tangents required
             int mTexStageRequiringTangents;
+
+            // the Node that requested these requirements
+            osg::Node* mNode;
         };
         std::vector<ShaderRequirements> mRequirements;
 
         std::string mDefaultVsTemplate;
         std::string mDefaultFsTemplate;
 
-        void createProgram(const ShaderRequirements& reqs, osg::Node& node);
+        void createProgram(const ShaderRequirements& reqs);
+        bool adjustGeometry(osg::Geometry& sourceGeometry, const ShaderRequirements& reqs);
     };
 
 }
diff --git a/docs/source/reference/modding/settings/water.rst b/docs/source/reference/modding/settings/water.rst
index 2344222e5..a1c6c2068 100644
--- a/docs/source/reference/modding/settings/water.rst
+++ b/docs/source/reference/modding/settings/water.rst
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ Enabling this feature results in better visuals, and a marginally lower frame ra
 
 This setting has no effect if the shader setting is false.
 
-This setting can be toggled with the Refraction button in the Water tab of the Video panel of the Options menu.
+This setting can be toggled with the 'Refraction' button in the Water tab of the Video panel of the Options menu.
 
 reflect actors
 --------------
@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@ reflect actors
 This setting controls whether or not NPCs and creatures are drawn in water reflections.
 Setting this to true will enable actors in reflections and increase realism with a likely decrease in performance.
 
+This setting can be toggled with the 'Reflect actors' button in the Water tab of the Video panel of the Options menu.
+
 small feature culling pixel size
 --------------------------------