diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwbase/mechanicsmanager.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwbase/mechanicsmanager.hpp
index 39d7e6e1a4..750fc2fff8 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwbase/mechanicsmanager.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwbase/mechanicsmanager.hpp
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ namespace MWBase
 
             virtual void addActor (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr) = 0;
             ///< Register an actor for stats management
+            ///
+            /// \note Dead actors are ignored.
 
             virtual void removeActor (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr) = 0;
             ///< Deregister an actor for stats management
@@ -74,6 +76,9 @@ namespace MWBase
 
             virtual void restoreDynamicStats() = 0;
             ///< If the player is sleeping, this should be called every hour.
+            
+            virtual int countDeaths (const std::string& id) const = 0;
+            ///< Return the number of deaths for actors with the given ID.
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwbase/world.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwbase/world.hpp
index 9dcdc312f1..d29e23c18b 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwbase/world.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwbase/world.hpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ namespace ESM
     struct Cell;
     struct Class;
     struct Potion;
+    struct Spell;
 }
 
 namespace ESMS
@@ -238,6 +239,11 @@ namespace MWBase
             ///< Create a new recrod (of type potion) in the ESM store.
             /// \return ID, pointer to created record
 
+            virtual std::pair<std::string, const ESM::Spell *> createRecord (const ESM::Spell& record)
+                = 0;
+            ///< Create a new recrod (of type spell) in the ESM store.
+            /// \return ID, pointer to created record
+
             virtual std::pair<std::string, const ESM::Class *> createRecord (const ESM::Class& record)
                 = 0;
             ///< Create a new recrod (of type class) in the ESM store.
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwclass/creature.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwclass/creature.cpp
index 0cf348b14d..e4ff3c95ba 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwclass/creature.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwclass/creature.cpp
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 
 #include "../mwworld/ptr.hpp"
 #include "../mwworld/actiontalk.hpp"
+#include "../mwworld/actionopen.hpp"
 #include "../mwworld/customdata.hpp"
 #include "../mwworld/containerstore.hpp"
 #include "../mwworld/physicssystem.hpp"
@@ -55,9 +56,9 @@ namespace MWClass
             data->mCreatureStats.getAttribute(5).set (ref->base->mData.mEndurance);
             data->mCreatureStats.getAttribute(6).set (ref->base->mData.mPersonality);
             data->mCreatureStats.getAttribute(7).set (ref->base->mData.mLuck);
-            data->mCreatureStats.getHealth().set (ref->base->mData.mHealth);
-            data->mCreatureStats.getMagicka().set (ref->base->mData.mMana);
-            data->mCreatureStats.getFatigue().set (ref->base->mData.mFatigue);
+            data->mCreatureStats.setHealth (ref->base->mData.mHealth);
+            data->mCreatureStats.setMagicka (ref->base->mData.mMana);
+            data->mCreatureStats.setFatigue (ref->base->mData.mFatigue);
 
             data->mCreatureStats.setLevel(ref->base->mData.mLevel);
 
@@ -130,7 +131,10 @@ namespace MWClass
     boost::shared_ptr<MWWorld::Action> Creature::activate (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr,
         const MWWorld::Ptr& actor) const
     {
-        return boost::shared_ptr<MWWorld::Action> (new MWWorld::ActionTalk (ptr));
+        if (MWWorld::Class::get (ptr).getCreatureStats (ptr).isDead())
+            return boost::shared_ptr<MWWorld::Action> (new MWWorld::ActionOpen(ptr));
+        else
+            return boost::shared_ptr<MWWorld::Action> (new MWWorld::ActionTalk (ptr));
     }
 
     MWWorld::ContainerStore& Creature::getContainerStore (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr)
@@ -149,6 +153,14 @@ namespace MWClass
         return ref->base->mScript;
     }
 
+    bool Creature::isEssential (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr) const
+    {
+        MWWorld::LiveCellRef<ESM::Creature> *ref =
+            ptr.get<ESM::Creature>();
+
+        return ref->base->mFlags & ESM::Creature::Essential;
+    }
+
     void Creature::registerSelf()
     {
         boost::shared_ptr<Class> instance (new Creature);
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwclass/creature.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwclass/creature.hpp
index 4de877b31d..a158fa743e 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwclass/creature.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwclass/creature.hpp
@@ -56,6 +56,9 @@ namespace MWClass
             ///< Returns total weight of objects inside this object (including modifications from magic
             /// effects). Throws an exception, if the object can't hold other objects.
 
+            virtual bool isEssential (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr) const;
+            ///< Is \a ptr essential? (i.e. may losing \a ptr make the game unwinnable)
+            
             static void registerSelf();
 
             virtual std::string getModel(const MWWorld::Ptr &ptr) const;
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwclass/npc.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwclass/npc.cpp
index 03b5e56aa4..2e21f8f63f 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwclass/npc.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwclass/npc.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 #include "../mwworld/ptr.hpp"
 #include "../mwworld/actiontalk.hpp"
+#include "../mwworld/actionopen.hpp"
 #include "../mwworld/inventorystore.hpp"
 #include "../mwworld/customdata.hpp"
 #include "../mwworld/physicssystem.hpp"
@@ -89,15 +90,22 @@ namespace MWClass
                 data->mCreatureStats.getAttribute(5).set (ref->base->mNpdt52.mEndurance);
                 data->mCreatureStats.getAttribute(6).set (ref->base->mNpdt52.mPersonality);
                 data->mCreatureStats.getAttribute(7).set (ref->base->mNpdt52.mLuck);
-                data->mCreatureStats.getHealth().set (ref->base->mNpdt52.mHealth);
-                data->mCreatureStats.getMagicka().set (ref->base->mNpdt52.mMana);
-                data->mCreatureStats.getFatigue().set (ref->base->mNpdt52.mFatigue);
+                data->mCreatureStats.setHealth (ref->base->mNpdt52.mHealth);
+                data->mCreatureStats.setMagicka (ref->base->mNpdt52.mMana);
+                data->mCreatureStats.setFatigue (ref->base->mNpdt52.mFatigue);
 
                 data->mCreatureStats.setLevel(ref->base->mNpdt52.mLevel);
             }
             else
             {
                 /// \todo do something with mNpdt12 maybe:p
+                for (int i=0; i<8; ++i)
+                    data->mCreatureStats.getAttribute (i).set (10);
+
+                for (int i=0; i<3; ++i)
+                    data->mCreatureStats.setDynamic (i, 10);
+
+                data->mCreatureStats.setLevel (1);
             }
 
             data->mCreatureStats.setHello(ref->base->mAiData.mHello);
@@ -182,7 +190,10 @@ namespace MWClass
     boost::shared_ptr<MWWorld::Action> Npc::activate (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr,
         const MWWorld::Ptr& actor) const
     {
-        return boost::shared_ptr<MWWorld::Action> (new MWWorld::ActionTalk (ptr));
+        if (MWWorld::Class::get (ptr).getCreatureStats (ptr).isDead())
+            return boost::shared_ptr<MWWorld::Action> (new MWWorld::ActionOpen(ptr));
+        else
+            return boost::shared_ptr<MWWorld::Action> (new MWWorld::ActionTalk (ptr));
     }
 
     MWWorld::ContainerStore& Npc::getContainerStore (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr)
@@ -308,7 +319,15 @@ namespace MWClass
 
         return vector;
     }
+    
+    bool Npc::isEssential (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr) const
+    {
+        MWWorld::LiveCellRef<ESM::NPC> *ref =
+            ptr.get<ESM::NPC>();
 
+        return ref->base->mFlags & ESM::NPC::Essential;
+    }
+    
     void Npc::registerSelf()
     {
         boost::shared_ptr<Class> instance (new Npc);
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwclass/npc.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwclass/npc.hpp
index edb6ca40fa..20c2da4b14 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwclass/npc.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwclass/npc.hpp
@@ -90,6 +90,9 @@ namespace MWClass
 
             virtual void adjustRotation(const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr,float& x,float& y,float& z) const;
 
+            virtual bool isEssential (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr) const;
+            ///< Is \a ptr essential? (i.e. may losing \a ptr make the game unwinnable)
+            
             static void registerSelf();
 
             virtual std::string getModel(const MWWorld::Ptr &ptr) const;
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwgui/journalwindow.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwgui/journalwindow.cpp
index 597c27c6df..9d5d236be0 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwgui/journalwindow.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwgui/journalwindow.cpp
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ MWGui::JournalWindow::JournalWindow (MWBase::WindowManager& parWindowManager)
     : WindowBase("openmw_journal.layout", parWindowManager)
     , mLastPos(0)
     , mVisible(false)
+    , mPageNumber(0)
 {
     //setCoord(0,0,498, 342);
     center();
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwgui/spellcreationdialog.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwgui/spellcreationdialog.cpp
index 02ce763ea0..4ce0560108 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwgui/spellcreationdialog.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwgui/spellcreationdialog.cpp
@@ -8,16 +8,21 @@
 
 #include "../mwbase/world.hpp"
 #include "../mwbase/environment.hpp"
+#include "../mwbase/soundmanager.hpp"
 
 #include "../mwworld/player.hpp"
 #include "../mwworld/class.hpp"
 
 #include "../mwmechanics/spells.hpp"
 #include "../mwmechanics/creaturestats.hpp"
+#include "../mwmechanics/spellsuccess.hpp"
+
 
 #include "tooltips.hpp"
 #include "widgets.hpp"
 #include "class.hpp"
+#include "inventorywindow.hpp"
+#include "tradewindow.hpp"
 
 namespace
 {
@@ -297,7 +302,46 @@ namespace MWGui
 
     void SpellCreationDialog::onBuyButtonClicked (MyGUI::Widget* sender)
     {
+        if (mEffects.size() <= 0)
+        {
+            mWindowManager.messageBox ("#{sNotifyMessage30}", std::vector<std::string>());
+            return;
+        }
 
+        if (mNameEdit->getCaption () == "")
+        {
+            mWindowManager.messageBox ("#{sNotifyMessage10}", std::vector<std::string>());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (mMagickaCost->getCaption() == "0")
+        {
+            mWindowManager.messageBox ("#{sEnchantmentMenu8}", std::vector<std::string>());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (boost::lexical_cast<int>(mPriceLabel->getCaption()) > mWindowManager.getInventoryWindow()->getPlayerGold())
+        {
+            mWindowManager.messageBox ("#{sNotifyMessage18}", std::vector<std::string>());
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mSpell.mName = mNameEdit->getCaption();
+
+        mWindowManager.getTradeWindow()->addOrRemoveGold(-boost::lexical_cast<int>(mPriceLabel->getCaption()));
+
+        MWBase::Environment::get().getSoundManager()->playSound ("Item Gold Up", 1.0, 1.0);
+
+        std::pair<std::string, const ESM::Spell*> result = MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->createRecord(mSpell);
+
+        MWWorld::Ptr player = MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getPlayer().getPlayer();
+        MWMechanics::CreatureStats& stats = MWWorld::Class::get(player).getCreatureStats(player);
+        MWMechanics::Spells& spells = stats.getSpells();
+        spells.add (result.first);
+
+        MWBase::Environment::get().getSoundManager()->playSound ("Item Gold Up", 1.0, 1.0);
+
+        mWindowManager.removeGuiMode (GM_SpellCreation);
     }
 
     void SpellCreationDialog::open()
@@ -311,6 +355,47 @@ namespace MWGui
         mWindowManager.removeGuiMode (GM_SpellCreation);
     }
 
+    void SpellCreationDialog::notifyEffectsChanged ()
+    {
+        float y = 0;
+
+        for (std::vector<ESM::ENAMstruct>::const_iterator it = mEffects.begin(); it != mEffects.end(); ++it)
+        {
+            float x = 0.5 * it->mMagnMin + it->mMagnMax;
+
+            const ESM::MagicEffect* effect = MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore().magicEffects.find(it->mEffectID);
+            x *= 0.1 * effect->mData.mBaseCost;
+            x *= 1 + it->mDuration;
+            x += 0.05 * std::max(1, it->mArea) * effect->mData.mBaseCost;
+
+            float fEffectCostMult = MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore().gameSettings.find("fEffectCostMult")->getFloat();
+            y += x * fEffectCostMult;
+            y = std::max(1.f,y);
+
+            if (effect->mData.mFlags & ESM::MagicEffect::CastTarget)
+                y *= 1.5;
+        }
+
+        mSpell.mData.mCost = int(y);
+
+        ESM::EffectList effectList;
+        effectList.mList = mEffects;
+        mSpell.mEffects = effectList;
+        mSpell.mData.mType = ESM::Spell::ST_Spell;
+
+        mMagickaCost->setCaption(boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(int(y)));
+
+        float fSpellMakingValueMult = MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore().gameSettings.find("fSpellMakingValueMult")->getFloat();
+
+        /// \todo mercantile
+        int price = int(y) * fSpellMakingValueMult;
+
+        mPriceLabel->setCaption(boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(int(price)));
+
+        float chance = MWMechanics::getSpellSuccessChance(&mSpell, MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getPlayer().getPlayer());
+        mSuccessChance->setCaption(boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(int(chance)));
+    }
+
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
@@ -372,6 +457,9 @@ namespace MWGui
 
             ToolTips::createMagicEffectToolTip (w, *it);
         }
+
+        mEffects.clear();
+        updateEffectsView ();
     }
 
     void EffectEditorBase::setWidgets (Widgets::MWList *availableEffectsList, MyGUI::ScrollView *usedEffectsView)
@@ -411,8 +499,23 @@ namespace MWGui
 
     void EffectEditorBase::onAvailableEffectClicked (MyGUI::Widget* sender)
     {
+        if (mEffects.size() >= 8)
+        {
+            MWBase::Environment::get().getWindowManager()->messageBox("#{sNotifyMessage28}", std::vector<std::string>());
+            return;
+        }
 
         short effectId = *sender->getUserData<short>();
+
+        for (std::vector<ESM::ENAMstruct>::const_iterator it = mEffects.begin(); it != mEffects.end(); ++it)
+        {
+            if (it->mEffectID == effectId)
+            {
+                MWBase::Environment::get().getWindowManager()->messageBox ("#{sOnetypeEffectMessage}", std::vector<std::string>());
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
         const ESM::MagicEffect* effect = MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore().magicEffects.find(effectId);
 
         mAddEffectDialog.newEffect (effect);
@@ -492,6 +595,8 @@ namespace MWGui
         }
 
         mUsedEffectsView->setCanvasSize(size);
+
+        notifyEffectsChanged();
     }
 
     void EffectEditorBase::onEffectAdded (ESM::ENAMstruct effect)
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwgui/spellcreationdialog.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwgui/spellcreationdialog.hpp
index 255b04cf6e..4d27ec1c6f 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwgui/spellcreationdialog.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwgui/spellcreationdialog.hpp
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@ namespace MWGui
         void startEditing();
         void setWidgets (Widgets::MWList* availableEffectsList, MyGUI::ScrollView* usedEffectsView);
 
+        virtual void notifyEffectsChanged () {}
     };
 
     class SpellCreationDialog : public WindowBase, public ReferenceInterface, public EffectEditorBase
@@ -133,6 +134,7 @@ namespace MWGui
         void onCancelButtonClicked (MyGUI::Widget* sender);
         void onBuyButtonClicked (MyGUI::Widget* sender);
 
+        virtual void notifyEffectsChanged ();
 
         MyGUI::EditBox* mNameEdit;
         MyGUI::TextBox* mMagickaCost;
@@ -143,6 +145,8 @@ namespace MWGui
 
         Widgets::MWEffectList* mUsedEffectsList;
 
+        ESM::Spell mSpell;
+
     };
 
 }
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.cpp
index ab332eb960..f3b6b16162 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.cpp
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ namespace MWMechanics
     {
         // magic effects
         adjustMagicEffects (ptr);
-        calculateCreatureStatModifiers (ptr);
         calculateDynamicStats (ptr);
+        calculateCreatureStatModifiers (ptr);
 
         // AI
         CreatureStats& creatureStats =  MWWorld::Class::get (ptr).getCreatureStats (ptr);
@@ -73,13 +73,17 @@ namespace MWMechanics
         double magickaFactor =
             creatureStats.getMagicEffects().get (EffectKey (84)).mMagnitude * 0.1 + 0.5;
 
-        creatureStats.getHealth().setBase(
-            static_cast<int> (0.5 * (strength + endurance)) + creatureStats.getLevelHealthBonus ());
+        DynamicStat<float> health = creatureStats.getHealth();
+        health.setBase (static_cast<int> (0.5 * (strength + endurance)) + creatureStats.getLevelHealthBonus ());
+        creatureStats.setHealth (health);
 
-        creatureStats.getMagicka().setBase(
-            static_cast<int> (intelligence + magickaFactor * intelligence));
-
-        creatureStats.getFatigue().setBase(strength+willpower+agility+endurance);
+        DynamicStat<float> magicka = creatureStats.getMagicka();
+        magicka.setBase (static_cast<int> (intelligence + magickaFactor * intelligence));
+        creatureStats.setMagicka (magicka);
+       
+        DynamicStat<float> fatigue = creatureStats.getFatigue();
+        fatigue.setBase (strength+willpower+agility+endurance);
+        creatureStats.setFatigue (fatigue);
     }
 
     void Actors::calculateRestoration (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr, float duration)
@@ -92,8 +96,10 @@ namespace MWMechanics
             bool stunted = stats.getMagicEffects ().get(MWMechanics::EffectKey(136)).mMagnitude > 0;
 
             int endurance = stats.getAttribute (ESM::Attribute::Endurance).getModified ();
-            stats.getHealth().setCurrent(stats.getHealth ().getCurrent ()
-                + 0.1 * endurance);
+            
+            DynamicStat<float> health = stats.getHealth();
+            health.setCurrent (health.getCurrent() + 0.1 * endurance);
+            stats.setHealth (health);
 
             const ESMS::ESMStore& store = MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore();
 
@@ -109,13 +115,19 @@ namespace MWMechanics
 
             float x = fFatigueReturnBase + fFatigueReturnMult * (1 - normalizedEncumbrance);
             x *= fEndFatigueMult * endurance;
-            stats.getFatigue ().setCurrent (stats.getFatigue ().getCurrent () + 3600 * x);
-
+            
+            DynamicStat<float> fatigue = stats.getFatigue();
+            fatigue.setCurrent (fatigue.getCurrent() + 3600 * x);
+            stats.setFatigue (fatigue);
+            
             if (!stunted)
             {
                 float fRestMagicMult = store.gameSettings.find("fRestMagicMult")->getFloat ();
-                stats.getMagicka().setCurrent (stats.getMagicka ().getCurrent ()
-                    + fRestMagicMult * stats.getAttribute(ESM::Attribute::Intelligence).getModified ());
+                
+                DynamicStat<float> magicka = stats.getMagicka();
+                magicka.setCurrent (magicka.getCurrent()
+                    + fRestMagicMult * stats.getAttribute(ESM::Attribute::Intelligence).getModified());
+                stats.setMagicka (magicka);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -137,21 +149,26 @@ namespace MWMechanics
 
         // dynamic stats
         MagicEffects effects = creatureStats.getMagicEffects();
-        creatureStats.getHealth().setModifier(
-            effects.get(EffectKey(80)).mMagnitude - effects.get(EffectKey(18)).mMagnitude);
-
-        creatureStats.getMagicka().setModifier(
-            effects.get(EffectKey(81)).mMagnitude - effects.get(EffectKey(19)).mMagnitude);
-
-        creatureStats.getFatigue().setModifier(
-            effects.get(EffectKey(82)).mMagnitude - effects.get(EffectKey(20)).mMagnitude);
+        
+        for (int i=0; i<3; ++i)
+        {
+            DynamicStat<float> stat = creatureStats.getDynamic (i);
+            
+            stat.setModifier (
+                effects.get (EffectKey(80+i)).mMagnitude - effects.get (EffectKey(18+i)).mMagnitude);
+        
+            creatureStats.setDynamic (i, stat);
+        }        
     }
 
     Actors::Actors() : mDuration (0) {}
 
     void Actors::addActor (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr)
     {
-        mActors.insert (ptr);
+        if (!MWWorld::Class::get (ptr).getCreatureStats (ptr).isDead())
+            mActors.insert (ptr);
+        else
+            MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->playAnimationGroup (ptr, "death1", 2);
     }
 
     void Actors::removeActor (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr)
@@ -184,13 +201,51 @@ namespace MWMechanics
         {
             float totalDuration = mDuration;
             mDuration = 0;
+            
+            std::set<MWWorld::Ptr>::iterator iter (mActors.begin());
 
-            for (std::set<MWWorld::Ptr>::iterator iter (mActors.begin()); iter!=mActors.end(); ++iter)
+            while (iter!=mActors.end())
             {
-                updateActor (*iter, totalDuration);
+                if (!MWWorld::Class::get (*iter).getCreatureStats (*iter).isDead())
+                {
+                    updateActor (*iter, totalDuration);
 
-                if (iter->getTypeName()==typeid (ESM::NPC).name())
-                    updateNpc (*iter, totalDuration, paused);
+                    if (iter->getTypeName()==typeid (ESM::NPC).name())
+                        updateNpc (*iter, totalDuration, paused);
+                }
+
+                if (MWWorld::Class::get (*iter).getCreatureStats (*iter).isDead())
+                {
+                    // workaround: always keep player alive for now
+                    // \todo remove workaround, once player death can be handled
+                    if (iter->getRefData().getHandle()=="player")
+                    {
+                        MWMechanics::DynamicStat<float> stat (
+                            MWWorld::Class::get (*iter).getCreatureStats (*iter).getHealth());
+                            
+                        if (stat.getModified()<1)
+                        {
+                            stat.setModified (1, 0);
+                            MWWorld::Class::get (*iter).getCreatureStats (*iter).setHealth (stat);
+                        }
+
+                        MWWorld::Class::get (*iter).getCreatureStats (*iter).resurrect();
+                        ++iter;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    ++mDeathCount[MWWorld::Class::get (*iter).getId (*iter)];
+
+                    MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->playAnimationGroup (*iter, "death1", 0);
+
+                    if (MWWorld::Class::get (*iter).isEssential (*iter))
+                        MWBase::Environment::get().getWindowManager()->messageBox (
+                            "#{sKilledEssential}", std::vector<std::string>());
+
+                    mActors.erase (iter++);
+                }
+                else
+                    ++iter;
             }
         }
 
@@ -211,4 +266,14 @@ namespace MWMechanics
             calculateRestoration (*iter, 3600);
         }
     }
+    
+    int Actors::countDeaths (const std::string& id) const
+    {
+        std::map<std::string, int>::const_iterator iter = mDeathCount.find (id);
+
+        if (iter!=mDeathCount.end())
+            return iter->second;
+
+        return 0;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.hpp
index 7e5a0ac861..79ae16fc34 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/actors.hpp
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <set>
 #include <vector>
 #include <string>
+#include <map>
 
 namespace Ogre
 {
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ namespace MWMechanics
     {
             std::set<MWWorld::Ptr> mActors;
             float mDuration;
+            std::map<std::string, int> mDeathCount;
 
             void updateNpc (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr, float duration, bool paused);
 
@@ -40,6 +42,8 @@ namespace MWMechanics
 
             void addActor (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr);
             ///< Register an actor for stats management
+            ///
+            /// \note Dead actors are ignored.
 
             void removeActor (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr);
             ///< Deregister an actor for stats management
@@ -59,6 +63,9 @@ namespace MWMechanics
 
             void restoreDynamicStats();
             ///< If the player is sleeping, this should be called every hour.
+            
+            int countDeaths (const std::string& id) const;
+            ///< Return the number of deaths for actors with the given ID.
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/alchemy.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/alchemy.cpp
index df7c786b1e..962350472e 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/alchemy.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/alchemy.cpp
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <stdexcept>
+#include <map>
 
 #include <components/esm/loadskil.hpp>
 #include <components/esm/loadappa.hpp>
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@
 
 std::set<MWMechanics::EffectKey> MWMechanics::Alchemy::listEffects() const
 {
-    std::set<EffectKey> effects;
+    std::map<EffectKey, int> effects;
     
     for (TIngredientsIterator iter (mIngredients.begin()); iter!=mIngredients.end(); ++iter)
     {
@@ -38,57 +39,23 @@ std::set<MWMechanics::EffectKey> MWMechanics::Alchemy::listEffects() const
             
             for (int i=0; i<4; ++i)
                 if (ingredient->base->mData.mEffectID[i]!=-1)
-                    effects.insert (EffectKey (
+                {
+                    EffectKey key (
                         ingredient->base->mData.mEffectID[i], ingredient->base->mData.mSkills[i]!=-1 ?
-                        ingredient->base->mData.mSkills[i] : ingredient->base->mData.mAttributes[i]));
+                        ingredient->base->mData.mSkills[i] : ingredient->base->mData.mAttributes[i]);
+
+                    ++effects[key];
+                }
         }
     }
     
-    return effects;
-}
-
-void MWMechanics::Alchemy::filterEffects (std::set<EffectKey>& effects) const
-{
-    std::set<EffectKey>::iterator iter = effects.begin();
+    std::set<EffectKey> effects2;
     
-    while (iter!=effects.end())
-    {
-        bool remove = false;
-        
-        const EffectKey& key = *iter;
-        
-        { // dodge pointless g++ warning
-            for (TIngredientsIterator iter (mIngredients.begin()); iter!=mIngredients.end(); ++iter)
-            {
-                bool found = false;
-
-                if (iter->isEmpty())
-                    continue;
-
-                const MWWorld::LiveCellRef<ESM::Ingredient> *ingredient = iter->get<ESM::Ingredient>();       
-
-                for (int i=0; i<4; ++i)
-                    if (key.mId==ingredient->base->mData.mEffectID[i] &&
-                        (key.mArg==ingredient->base->mData.mSkills[i] ||
-                        key.mArg==ingredient->base->mData.mAttributes[i]))
-                    {
-                        found = true;
-                        break;
-                    }
-            
-                if (!found)
-                {
-                    remove = true;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }       
-        
-        if (remove)
-            effects.erase (iter++);
-        else
-            ++iter;
-    }
+    for (std::map<EffectKey, int>::const_iterator iter (effects.begin()); iter!=effects.end(); ++iter)
+        if (iter->second>1)
+            effects2.insert (iter->first);
+    
+    return effects2;
 }
 
 void MWMechanics::Alchemy::applyTools (int flags, float& value) const
@@ -159,7 +126,6 @@ void MWMechanics::Alchemy::updateEffects()
 
     // find effects
     std::set<EffectKey> effects (listEffects());
-    filterEffects (effects);
 
     // general alchemy factor
     float x = getChance();
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/alchemy.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/alchemy.hpp
index 7f3e2c0eaa..957e3122c7 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/alchemy.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/alchemy.hpp
@@ -46,10 +46,7 @@ namespace MWMechanics
             int mValue;
 
             std::set<EffectKey> listEffects() const;
-            ///< List all effects of all used ingredients.
-            
-            void filterEffects (std::set<EffectKey>& effects) const;
-            ///< Filter out effects not shared by all ingredients.
+            ///< List all effects shared by at least two ingredients.
 
             void applyTools (int flags, float& value) const;
 
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/creaturestats.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/creaturestats.cpp
index fc05231412..1e57ba3136 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/creaturestats.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/creaturestats.cpp
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 namespace MWMechanics
 {  
     CreatureStats::CreatureStats()
-        : mLevelHealthBonus(0.f)
+        : mLevel (0), mHello (0), mFight (0), mFlee (0), mAlarm (0), mLevelHealthBonus(0.f), mDead (false)
     {
     }
 
@@ -118,22 +118,7 @@ namespace MWMechanics
         return mAttributes[index];
     }
 
-    DynamicStat<float> &CreatureStats::getHealth()
-    {
-        return mDynamic[0];
-    }
-
-    DynamicStat<float> &CreatureStats::getMagicka()
-    {
-        return mDynamic[1];
-    }
-
-    DynamicStat<float> &CreatureStats::getFatigue()
-    {
-        return mDynamic[2];
-    }
-
-    DynamicStat<float> &CreatureStats::getDynamic(int index)
+    const DynamicStat<float> &CreatureStats::getDynamic(int index) const
     {
         if (index < 0 || index > 2) {
             throw std::runtime_error("dynamic stat index is out of range");
@@ -171,19 +156,30 @@ namespace MWMechanics
 
     void CreatureStats::setHealth(const DynamicStat<float> &value)
     {
-        mDynamic[0] = value;
+        setDynamic (0, value);
     }
 
     void CreatureStats::setMagicka(const DynamicStat<float> &value)
     {
-        mDynamic[1] = value;
+        setDynamic (1, value);
     }
 
     void CreatureStats::setFatigue(const DynamicStat<float> &value)
     {
-        mDynamic[2] = value;
+        setDynamic (2, value);
     }
 
+    void CreatureStats::setDynamic (int index, const DynamicStat<float> &value)
+    {
+        if (index < 0 || index > 2)
+            throw std::runtime_error("dynamic stat index is out of range");
+
+        mDynamic[index] = value;
+
+        if (index==0 && mDynamic[index].getCurrent()<1)
+            mDead = true;
+    }
+    
     void CreatureStats::setLevel(int level)
     {
         mLevel = level;
@@ -218,4 +214,21 @@ namespace MWMechanics
     {
         mAlarm = value;
     }    
+    
+    bool CreatureStats::isDead() const
+    {
+        return mDead;
+    }
+    
+    void CreatureStats::resurrect()
+    {
+        if (mDead)
+        {
+            if (mDynamic[0].getCurrent()<1)
+                mDynamic[0].setCurrent (1);
+                
+            if (mDynamic[0].getCurrent()>=1)
+                mDead = false;
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/creaturestats.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/creaturestats.hpp
index 7a1e46f56e..671dcd4396 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/creaturestats.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/creaturestats.hpp
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ namespace MWMechanics
         int mFlee;
         int mAlarm;
         AiSequence mAiSequence;
-
         float mLevelHealthBonus;
+        bool mDead;        
 
     public:
         CreatureStats();
@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ namespace MWMechanics
 
         const DynamicStat<float> & getFatigue() const;
 
+        const DynamicStat<float> & getDynamic (int index) const;
+
         const Spells & getSpells() const;
 
         const ActiveSpells & getActiveSpells() const;
@@ -59,24 +61,14 @@ namespace MWMechanics
 
         int getAlarm() const;
 
-
         Stat<int> & getAttribute(int index);
 
-        DynamicStat<float> & getHealth();
-
-        DynamicStat<float> & getMagicka();
-
-        DynamicStat<float> & getFatigue();
-
-        DynamicStat<float> & getDynamic(int index);
-
         Spells & getSpells();
 
         ActiveSpells & getActiveSpells();
 
         MagicEffects & getMagicEffects();
 
-
         void setAttribute(int index, const Stat<int> &value);
 
         void setHealth(const DynamicStat<float> &value);
@@ -85,6 +77,8 @@ namespace MWMechanics
 
         void setFatigue(const DynamicStat<float> &value);
 
+        void setDynamic (int index, const DynamicStat<float> &value);
+
         void setSpells(const Spells &spells);
 
         void setActiveSpells(const ActiveSpells &active);
@@ -111,6 +105,10 @@ namespace MWMechanics
         // small hack to allow the fact that Health permanently increases by 10% of endurance on each level up
         void increaseLevelHealthBonus(float value);
         float getLevelHealthBonus() const;
+
+        bool isDead() const;
+        
+        void resurrect();
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.cpp
index 364e653217..873dd94988 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.cpp
@@ -153,12 +153,14 @@ namespace MWMechanics
         // forced update and current value adjustments
         mActors.updateActor (ptr, 0);
 
-        creatureStats.getHealth().setCurrent(creatureStats.getHealth().getModified());
-        creatureStats.getMagicka().setCurrent(creatureStats.getMagicka().getModified());
-        creatureStats.getFatigue().setCurrent(creatureStats.getFatigue().getModified());
+        for (int i=0; i<2; ++i)
+        {
+            DynamicStat<float> stat = creatureStats.getDynamic (i);
+            stat.setCurrent (stat.getModified());
+            creatureStats.setDynamic (i, stat);
+        }
     }
 
-
     MechanicsManager::MechanicsManager()
     : mUpdatePlayer (true), mClassSelected (false),
       mRaceSelected (false)
@@ -324,4 +326,9 @@ namespace MWMechanics
         buildPlayer();
         mUpdatePlayer = true;
     }
+    
+    int MechanicsManager::countDeaths (const std::string& id) const
+    {
+        return mActors.countDeaths (id);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.hpp
index 3a41e8fa60..38536d3bd7 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/mechanicsmanagerimp.hpp
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ namespace MWMechanics
 
             virtual void addActor (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr);
             ///< Register an actor for stats management
+            ///
+            /// \note Dead actors are ignored.
 
             virtual void removeActor (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr);
             ///< Deregister an actor for stats management
@@ -76,6 +78,10 @@ namespace MWMechanics
 
             virtual void restoreDynamicStats();
             ///< If the player is sleeping, this should be called every hour.
+
+            virtual int countDeaths (const std::string& id) const;
+            ///< Return the number of deaths for actors with the given ID.
+            
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/spellsuccess.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/spellsuccess.hpp
index 43db42aab1..a46667cdc4 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/spellsuccess.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwmechanics/spellsuccess.hpp
@@ -27,9 +27,8 @@ namespace MWMechanics
         return schoolSkillMap[school];
     }
 
-    inline int getSpellSchool(const std::string& spellId, const MWWorld::Ptr& actor)
+    inline int getSpellSchool(const ESM::Spell* spell, const MWWorld::Ptr& actor)
     {
-        const ESM::Spell* spell = MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore().spells.find(spellId);
         NpcStats& stats = MWWorld::Class::get(actor).getNpcStats(actor);
 
         // determine the spell's school
@@ -60,27 +59,34 @@ namespace MWMechanics
         return school;
     }
 
+    inline int getSpellSchool(const std::string& spellId, const MWWorld::Ptr& actor)
+    {
+        const ESM::Spell* spell = MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore().spells.find(spellId);
+        return getSpellSchool(spell, actor);
+    }
+
 
     // UESP wiki / Morrowind/Spells:
     // Chance of success is (Spell's skill * 2 + Willpower / 5 + Luck / 10 - Spell cost - Sound magnitude) * (Current fatigue + Maximum Fatigue * 1.5) / Maximum fatigue * 2
     /**
-     * @param spellId ID of spell
+     * @param spell spell to cast
      * @param actor calculate spell success chance for this actor (depends on actor's skills)
      * @attention actor has to be an NPC and not a creature!
      * @return success chance from 0 to 100 (in percent)
      */
-    inline float getSpellSuccessChance (const std::string& spellId, const MWWorld::Ptr& actor)
+    inline float getSpellSuccessChance (const ESM::Spell* spell, const MWWorld::Ptr& actor)
     {
-        const ESM::Spell* spell = MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore().spells.find(spellId);
-
         if (spell->mData.mFlags & ESM::Spell::F_Always // spells with this flag always succeed (usually birthsign spells)
             || spell->mData.mType == ESM::Spell::ST_Power) // powers always succeed, but can be cast only once per day
             return 100.0;
 
+        if (spell->mEffects.mList.size() == 0)
+            return 0.0;
+
         NpcStats& stats = MWWorld::Class::get(actor).getNpcStats(actor);
         CreatureStats& creatureStats = MWWorld::Class::get(actor).getCreatureStats(actor);
 
-        int skillLevel = stats.getSkill (getSpellSchool(spellId, actor)).getModified();
+        int skillLevel = stats.getSkill (getSpellSchool(spell, actor)).getModified();
 
         // Sound magic effect (reduces spell casting chance)
         int soundMagnitude = creatureStats.getMagicEffects().get (MWMechanics::EffectKey (48)).mMagnitude;
@@ -98,6 +104,12 @@ namespace MWMechanics
 
         return chance;
     }
+
+    inline float getSpellSuccessChance (const std::string& spellId, const MWWorld::Ptr& actor)
+    {
+        const ESM::Spell* spell = MWBase::Environment::get().getWorld()->getStore().spells.find(spellId);
+        return getSpellSuccessChance(spell, actor);
+    }
 }
 
 #endif
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwrender/renderingmanager.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwrender/renderingmanager.cpp
index 21299e25c1..5b5fdce68e 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwrender/renderingmanager.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwrender/renderingmanager.cpp
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ RenderingManager::RenderingManager (OEngine::Render::OgreRenderer& _rend, const
     // material system
     sh::OgrePlatform* platform = new sh::OgrePlatform("General", (resDir / "materials").string());
     if (!boost::filesystem::exists (cacheDir))
-        boost::filesystem::create_directory (cacheDir);
+        boost::filesystem::create_directories (cacheDir);
     platform->setCacheFolder (cacheDir.string());
     mFactory = new sh::Factory(platform);
 
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwscript/docs/vmformat.txt b/apps/openmw/mwscript/docs/vmformat.txt
index 584a299267..cb984e257c 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwscript/docs/vmformat.txt
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwscript/docs/vmformat.txt
@@ -206,5 +206,6 @@ op 0x200019f: GetPcSleep
 op 0x20001a0: ShowMap
 op 0x20001a1: FillMap
 op 0x20001a2: WakeUpPc
-opcodes 0x20001a3-0x3ffffff unused
+op 0x20001a3: GetDeadCount
+opcodes 0x20001a4-0x3ffffff unused
 
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwscript/statsextensions.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwscript/statsextensions.cpp
index 66a5acae0a..0d69608e1c 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwscript/statsextensions.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwscript/statsextensions.cpp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 #include "../mwbase/environment.hpp"
 #include "../mwbase/dialoguemanager.hpp"
+#include "../mwbase/mechanicsmanager.hpp"
 
 #include "../mwworld/class.hpp"
 #include "../mwworld/player.hpp"
@@ -155,7 +156,7 @@ namespace MWScript
                 virtual void execute (Interpreter::Runtime& runtime)
                 {
                     MWWorld::Ptr ptr = R()(runtime);
-                    Interpreter::Type_Integer value;
+                    Interpreter::Type_Float value;
 
                     if (mIndex==0 && MWWorld::Class::get (ptr).hasItemHealth (ptr))
                     {
@@ -185,13 +186,15 @@ namespace MWScript
                 {
                     MWWorld::Ptr ptr = R()(runtime);
 
-                    Interpreter::Type_Integer value = runtime[0].mInteger;
+                    Interpreter::Type_Float value = runtime[0].mFloat;
                     runtime.pop();
 
-                    MWWorld::Class::get(ptr)
-                        .getCreatureStats(ptr)
-                        .getDynamic(mIndex)
-                        .setModified(value, 0);
+                    MWMechanics::DynamicStat<float> stat (MWWorld::Class::get (ptr).getCreatureStats (ptr)
+                        .getDynamic (mIndex));
+
+                    stat.setModified (value, 0);
+                    
+                    MWWorld::Class::get (ptr).getCreatureStats (ptr).setDynamic (mIndex, stat);
                 }
         };
 
@@ -208,17 +211,21 @@ namespace MWScript
                 {
                     MWWorld::Ptr ptr = R()(runtime);
 
-                    Interpreter::Type_Integer diff = runtime[0].mInteger;
+                    Interpreter::Type_Float diff = runtime[0].mFloat;
                     runtime.pop();
 
                     MWMechanics::CreatureStats& stats = MWWorld::Class::get (ptr).getCreatureStats (ptr);
 
-                    Interpreter::Type_Integer current = stats.getDynamic(mIndex).getCurrent();
+                    Interpreter::Type_Float current = stats.getDynamic(mIndex).getCurrent();
 
-                    stats.getDynamic(mIndex).setModified(
-                        diff + stats.getDynamic(mIndex).getModified(), 0);
+                    MWMechanics::DynamicStat<float> stat (MWWorld::Class::get (ptr).getCreatureStats (ptr)
+                        .getDynamic (mIndex));
 
-                    stats.getDynamic(mIndex).setCurrent(diff + current);
+                    stat.setModified (diff + stat.getModified(), 0);
+
+                    stat.setCurrent (diff + current);
+
+                    MWWorld::Class::get (ptr).getCreatureStats (ptr).setDynamic (mIndex, stat);
                 }
         };
 
@@ -235,14 +242,19 @@ namespace MWScript
                 {
                     MWWorld::Ptr ptr = R()(runtime);
 
-                    Interpreter::Type_Integer diff = runtime[0].mInteger;
+                    Interpreter::Type_Float diff = runtime[0].mFloat;
                     runtime.pop();
 
                     MWMechanics::CreatureStats& stats = MWWorld::Class::get (ptr).getCreatureStats (ptr);
 
-                    Interpreter::Type_Integer current = stats.getDynamic(mIndex).getCurrent();
+                    Interpreter::Type_Float current = stats.getDynamic(mIndex).getCurrent();
 
-                    stats.getDynamic(mIndex).setCurrent (diff + current);
+                    MWMechanics::DynamicStat<float> stat (MWWorld::Class::get (ptr).getCreatureStats (ptr)
+                        .getDynamic (mIndex));
+
+                    stat.setCurrent (diff + current);
+
+                    MWWorld::Class::get (ptr).getCreatureStats (ptr).setDynamic (mIndex, stat);
                 }
         };
 
@@ -580,6 +592,17 @@ namespace MWScript
                     /// \todo modify disposition towards the player
                 }
         };
+        
+        class OpGetDeadCount : public Interpreter::Opcode0
+        {
+            public:
+
+                virtual void execute (Interpreter::Runtime& runtime)
+                {
+                    std::string id = runtime.getStringLiteral (runtime[0].mInteger);
+                    runtime[0].mInteger = MWBase::Environment::get().getMechanicsManager()->countDeaths (id);
+                }
+        };        
 
 
         const int numberOfAttributes = 8;
@@ -632,6 +655,8 @@ namespace MWScript
         const int opcodeGetLevelExplicit = 0x200018d;
         const int opcodeSetLevel = 0x200018e;
         const int opcodeSetLevelExplicit = 0x200018f;
+        
+        const int opcodeGetDeadCount = 0x20001a3;
 
         void registerExtensions (Compiler::Extensions& extensions)
         {
@@ -676,16 +701,16 @@ namespace MWScript
 
             for (int i=0; i<numberOfDynamics; ++i)
             {
-                extensions.registerFunction (get + dynamics[i], 'l', "",
+                extensions.registerFunction (get + dynamics[i], 'f', "",
                     opcodeGetDynamic+i, opcodeGetDynamicExplicit+i);
 
-                extensions.registerInstruction (set + dynamics[i], "l",
+                extensions.registerInstruction (set + dynamics[i], "f",
                     opcodeSetDynamic+i, opcodeSetDynamicExplicit+i);
 
-                extensions.registerInstruction (mod + dynamics[i], "l",
+                extensions.registerInstruction (mod + dynamics[i], "f",
                     opcodeModDynamic+i, opcodeModDynamicExplicit+i);
 
-                extensions.registerInstruction (modCurrent + dynamics[i], "l",
+                extensions.registerInstruction (modCurrent + dynamics[i], "f",
                     opcodeModCurrentDynamic+i, opcodeModCurrentDynamicExplicit+i);
 
                 extensions.registerFunction (get + dynamics[i] + getRatio, 'f', "",
@@ -718,6 +743,8 @@ namespace MWScript
 
             extensions.registerInstruction("setlevel", "l", opcodeSetLevel, opcodeSetLevelExplicit);
             extensions.registerFunction("getlevel", 'l', "", opcodeGetLevel, opcodeGetLevelExplicit);
+
+            extensions.registerFunction("getdeadcount", 'l', "c", opcodeGetDeadCount);
         }
 
         void installOpcodes (Interpreter::Interpreter& interpreter)
@@ -795,6 +822,7 @@ namespace MWScript
             interpreter.installSegment5 (opcodeSetLevel, new OpSetLevel<ImplicitRef>);
             interpreter.installSegment5 (opcodeSetLevelExplicit, new OpSetLevel<ExplicitRef>);
 
+            interpreter.installSegment5 (opcodeGetDeadCount, new OpGetDeadCount);
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwworld/class.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwworld/class.cpp
index 5267e368dd..8c639a874c 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwworld/class.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwworld/class.cpp
@@ -157,6 +157,11 @@ namespace MWWorld
         throw std::runtime_error ("encumbrance not supported by class");
     }
 
+    bool Class::isEssential (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr) const
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+
     const Class& Class::get (const std::string& key)
     {
         std::map<std::string, boost::shared_ptr<Class> >::const_iterator iter = sClasses.find (key);
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwworld/class.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwworld/class.hpp
index 3c3b0e34be..4662cbab63 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwworld/class.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwworld/class.hpp
@@ -186,6 +186,11 @@ namespace MWWorld
             ///
             /// (default implementations: throws an exception)
 
+            virtual bool isEssential (const MWWorld::Ptr& ptr) const;
+            ///< Is \a ptr essential? (i.e. may losing \a ptr make the game unwinnable)
+            ///
+            /// (default implementation: return false)
+
             static const Class& get (const std::string& key);
             ///< If there is no class for this \a key, an exception is thrown.
 
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwworld/worldimp.cpp b/apps/openmw/mwworld/worldimp.cpp
index 2e3d80aa42..c7f0de245e 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwworld/worldimp.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwworld/worldimp.cpp
@@ -810,6 +810,20 @@ namespace MWWorld
         return std::make_pair (stream.str(), created);
     }
 
+    std::pair<std::string, const ESM::Spell *> World::createRecord (const ESM::Spell& record)
+    {
+        /// \todo See function above.
+        std::ostringstream stream;
+        stream << "$dynamic" << mNextDynamicRecord++;
+
+        const ESM::Spell *created =
+            &mStore.spells.list.insert (std::make_pair (stream.str(), record)).first->second;
+
+        mStore.all.insert (std::make_pair (stream.str(), ESM::REC_SPEL));
+
+        return std::make_pair (stream.str(), created);
+    }
+
     const ESM::Cell *World::createRecord (const ESM::Cell& record)
     {
         if (record.mData.mFlags & ESM::Cell::Interior)
diff --git a/apps/openmw/mwworld/worldimp.hpp b/apps/openmw/mwworld/worldimp.hpp
index f94882c102..527a608a6f 100644
--- a/apps/openmw/mwworld/worldimp.hpp
+++ b/apps/openmw/mwworld/worldimp.hpp
@@ -256,6 +256,10 @@ namespace MWWorld
             ///< Create a new recrod (of type potion) in the ESM store.
             /// \return ID, pointer to created record
 
+            virtual std::pair<std::string, const ESM::Spell *> createRecord (const ESM::Spell& record);
+            ///< Create a new recrod (of type spell) in the ESM store.
+            /// \return ID, pointer to created record
+
             virtual std::pair<std::string, const ESM::Class *> createRecord (const ESM::Class& record);
             ///< Create a new recrod (of type class) in the ESM store.
             /// \return ID, pointer to created record
diff --git a/components/nifbullet/bullet_nif_loader.cpp b/components/nifbullet/bullet_nif_loader.cpp
index 6449ad246c..d2ec7ca825 100644
--- a/components/nifbullet/bullet_nif_loader.cpp
+++ b/components/nifbullet/bullet_nif_loader.cpp
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ void ManualBulletShapeLoader::loadResource(Ogre::Resource *resource)
 {
     cShape = static_cast<BulletShape *>(resource);
     resourceName = cShape->getName();
-    cShape->collide = false;
+    cShape->mCollide = false;
     mBoundingBox = NULL;
     cShape->boxTranslation = Ogre::Vector3(0,0,0);
     cShape->boxRotation = Ogre::Quaternion::IDENTITY;
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ void ManualBulletShapeLoader::loadResource(Ogre::Resource *resource)
     handleNode(node,0,NULL,hasCollisionNode,false,false);
 
     //if collide = false, then it does a second pass which create a shape for raycasting.
-    if(cShape->collide == false)
+    if(cShape->mCollide == false)
     {
         handleNode(node,0,NULL,hasCollisionNode,false,true);
     }
@@ -177,6 +177,7 @@ void ManualBulletShapeLoader::handleNode(Nif::Node *node, int flags,
     if (node->name.find("marker") != std::string::npos)
     {
         flags |= 0x800;
+        cShape->mIgnore = true;
     }
 
     // Check for extra data
@@ -254,7 +255,7 @@ void ManualBulletShapeLoader::handleNode(Nif::Node *node, int flags,
     }
     else if (node->recType == Nif::RC_NiTriShape && (isCollisionNode || !hasCollisionNode))
     {
-        cShape->collide = !(flags&0x800);
+        cShape->mCollide = !(flags&0x800);
         handleNiTriShape(dynamic_cast<Nif::NiTriShape*>(node), flags,node->trafo.rotation,node->trafo.pos,node->trafo.scale,raycastingOnly);
     }
     else if(node->recType == Nif::RC_RootCollisionNode)
diff --git a/files/materials/objects.shader b/files/materials/objects.shader
index 525e4ab636..5ea076342e 100644
--- a/files/materials/objects.shader
+++ b/files/materials/objects.shader
@@ -157,10 +157,15 @@
         shUniform(float4, shadowFar_fadeStart) @shSharedParameter(shadowFar_fadeStart)
 #endif
 
-#if UNDERWATER
+#if (UNDERWATER) || (FOG)
         shUniform(float4x4, worldMatrix) @shAutoConstant(worldMatrix, world_matrix)
-        shUniform(float, waterLevel) @shSharedParameter(waterLevel)
         shUniform(float4, cameraPos) @shAutoConstant(cameraPos, camera_position) 
+#endif
+
+#if UNDERWATER
+
+        shUniform(float, waterLevel) @shSharedParameter(waterLevel)
+
         shUniform(float4, lightDirectionWS0) @shAutoConstant(lightDirectionWS0, light_position, 0)
         
         shSampler2D(causticMap)
@@ -211,8 +216,12 @@
 
 
         float3 caustics = float3(1,1,1);
-#if UNDERWATER
+
+#if (UNDERWATER) || (FOG)
     float3 worldPos = shMatrixMult(worldMatrix, float4(objSpacePositionPassthrough,1)).xyz;
+#endif
+
+#if UNDERWATER
     float3 waterEyePos = float3(1,1,1);
     // NOTE: this calculation would be wrong for non-uniform scaling
     float4 worldNormal = shMatrixMult(worldMatrix, float4(normal.xyz, 0));
diff --git a/files/materials/terrain.shader b/files/materials/terrain.shader
index 35ce403307..dee7332630 100644
--- a/files/materials/terrain.shader
+++ b/files/materials/terrain.shader
@@ -187,11 +187,13 @@
         shUniform(float4, shadowFar_fadeStart) @shSharedParameter(shadowFar_fadeStart)
 #endif
 
+#if (UNDERWATER) || (FOG)
+        shUniform(float4x4, worldMatrix) @shAutoConstant(worldMatrix, world_matrix)
+        shUniform(float4, cameraPos) @shAutoConstant(cameraPos, camera_position) 
+#endif
 
 #if UNDERWATER
-        shUniform(float4x4, worldMatrix) @shAutoConstant(worldMatrix, world_matrix)
         shUniform(float, waterLevel) @shSharedParameter(waterLevel)
-        shUniform(float4, cameraPos) @shAutoConstant(cameraPos, camera_position) 
         shUniform(float4, lightDirectionWS0) @shAutoConstant(lightDirectionWS0, light_position, 0)
         
         shSampler2D(causticMap)
@@ -222,9 +224,12 @@
         
         
         float3 caustics = float3(1,1,1);
+#if (UNDERWATER) || (FOG)
+        float3 worldPos = shMatrixMult(worldMatrix, float4(objSpacePosition,1)).xyz;
+#endif
+
 #if UNDERWATER
 
-        float3 worldPos = shMatrixMult(worldMatrix, float4(objSpacePosition,1)).xyz;
         float3 waterEyePos = float3(1,1,1);
         // NOTE: this calculation would be wrong for non-uniform scaling
         float4 worldNormal = shMatrixMult(worldMatrix, float4(normal.xyz, 0));
@@ -373,7 +378,6 @@
 
         shOutputColour(0).xyz = gammaCorrectOutput(shOutputColour(0).xyz);
 
-
 #if MRT
         shOutputColour(1) = float4(depth / far,1,1,1);
 #endif
diff --git a/files/mygui/openmw_spellcreation_dialog.layout b/files/mygui/openmw_spellcreation_dialog.layout
index 4992243620..78d3f3de73 100644
--- a/files/mygui/openmw_spellcreation_dialog.layout
+++ b/files/mygui/openmw_spellcreation_dialog.layout
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
             <Property key="Caption" value="#{sEnchantmentMenu4}"/>
         </Widget>
         <Widget type="TextBox" skin="SandText" position="280 0 258 24" name="MagickaCost">
-            <Property key="Caption" value="1"/>
             <Property key="TextAlign" value="Right HCenter"/>
         </Widget>
 
@@ -31,7 +30,6 @@
             <Property key="Caption" value="#{sSpellmakingMenu1}"/>
         </Widget>
         <Widget type="TextBox" skin="SandText" position="280 24 258 24" name="SuccessChance">
-            <Property key="Caption" value="39"/>
             <Property key="TextAlign" value="Right HCenter"/>
         </Widget>
 
@@ -64,7 +62,6 @@
                 <Property key="Caption" value="#{sBarterDialog7}"/>
             </Widget>
             <Widget type="AutoSizedTextBox" skin="SandText" name="PriceLabel">
-                <Property key="Caption" value="30"/>
             </Widget>
 
 
diff --git a/libs/openengine/bullet/BulletShapeLoader.cpp b/libs/openengine/bullet/BulletShapeLoader.cpp
index 59a414f301..dd3bca692c 100644
--- a/libs/openengine/bullet/BulletShapeLoader.cpp
+++ b/libs/openengine/bullet/BulletShapeLoader.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ Ogre::Resource(creator, name, handle, group, isManual, loader)
     we have none as such. Full details can be set through scripts.
     */
     Shape = NULL;
-    collide = true;
+    mCollide = true;
+    mIgnore = false;
     createParamDictionary("BulletShape");
 }
 
diff --git a/libs/openengine/bullet/BulletShapeLoader.h b/libs/openengine/bullet/BulletShapeLoader.h
index 8640fd54f0..21d21777a2 100644
--- a/libs/openengine/bullet/BulletShapeLoader.h
+++ b/libs/openengine/bullet/BulletShapeLoader.h
@@ -34,7 +34,9 @@ public:
     Ogre::Vector3 boxTranslation;
     Ogre::Quaternion boxRotation;
     //this flag indicate if the shape is used for collision or if it's for raycasting only.
-    bool collide;
+    bool mCollide;
+
+    bool mIgnore;
 };
 
 /**
diff --git a/libs/openengine/bullet/physic.cpp b/libs/openengine/bullet/physic.cpp
index 4f16a41438..d78e25ce7f 100644
--- a/libs/openengine/bullet/physic.cpp
+++ b/libs/openengine/bullet/physic.cpp
@@ -169,6 +169,7 @@ namespace Physic
     RigidBody::RigidBody(btRigidBody::btRigidBodyConstructionInfo& CI,std::string name)
         : btRigidBody(CI)
         , mName(name)
+        , mIgnore(false)
     {
     }
 
@@ -327,7 +328,7 @@ namespace Physic
 
         btRigidBody::btRigidBodyConstructionInfo CI = btRigidBody::btRigidBodyConstructionInfo(0,newMotionState,hfShape);
         RigidBody* body = new RigidBody(CI,name);
-        body->collide = true;
+        body->mCollide = true;
         body->getWorldTransform().setOrigin(btVector3( (x+0.5)*triSize*(sqrtVerts-1), (y+0.5)*triSize*(sqrtVerts-1), (maxh+minh)/2.f));
 
         HeightField hf;
@@ -397,7 +398,8 @@ namespace Physic
         //create the real body
         btRigidBody::btRigidBodyConstructionInfo CI = btRigidBody::btRigidBodyConstructionInfo(0,newMotionState,shape->Shape);
         RigidBody* body = new RigidBody(CI,name);
-        body->collide = shape->collide;
+        body->mCollide = shape->mCollide;
+        body->mIgnore = shape->mIgnore;
 
         if(scaledBoxTranslation != 0)
             *scaledBoxTranslation = shape->boxTranslation * scale;
@@ -414,7 +416,9 @@ namespace Physic
     {
         if(body)
         {
-            if(body->collide)
+            if (body->mIgnore)
+                return;
+            if(body->mCollide)
             {
                 dynamicsWorld->addRigidBody(body,COL_WORLD,COL_WORLD|COL_ACTOR_INTERNAL|COL_ACTOR_EXTERNAL);
             }
diff --git a/libs/openengine/bullet/physic.hpp b/libs/openengine/bullet/physic.hpp
index e4e71706f7..f320d009d9 100644
--- a/libs/openengine/bullet/physic.hpp
+++ b/libs/openengine/bullet/physic.hpp
@@ -152,7 +152,8 @@ namespace Physic
         std::string mName;
 
         //is this body used for raycasting only?
-        bool collide;
+        bool mCollide;
+        bool mIgnore;
     };
 
     struct HeightField