diff --git a/apps/openmw_test_suite/nifloader/testbulletnifloader.cpp b/apps/openmw_test_suite/nifloader/testbulletnifloader.cpp
index 8fbf5c1b5b..f84fbe2508 100644
--- a/apps/openmw_test_suite/nifloader/testbulletnifloader.cpp
+++ b/apps/openmw_test_suite/nifloader/testbulletnifloader.cpp
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ namespace
         value.flags = 0;
         init(value.trafo);
         value.hasBounds = false;
-        value.parent = nullptr;
+        value.parents.push_back(nullptr);
         value.isBone = false;
     }
 
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ namespace
         mNode.bounds.type = Nif::NiBoundingVolume::Type::BOX_BV;
         mNode.bounds.box.extents = osg::Vec3f(1, 2, 3);
         mNode.bounds.box.center = osg::Vec3f(-1, -2, -3);
-        mNode.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNode.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNode)}));
 
         EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, numRoots()).WillOnce(Return(1));
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ namespace
         mNode.bounds.type = Nif::NiBoundingVolume::Type::BOX_BV;
         mNode.bounds.box.extents = osg::Vec3f(1, 2, 3);
         mNode.bounds.box.center = osg::Vec3f(-1, -2, -3);
-        mNode.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNode.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
 
         mNiNode.hasBounds = true;
         mNiNode.bounds.type = Nif::NiBoundingVolume::Type::BOX_BV;
@@ -569,13 +569,13 @@ namespace
         mNode.bounds.type = Nif::NiBoundingVolume::Type::BOX_BV;
         mNode.bounds.box.extents = osg::Vec3f(1, 2, 3);
         mNode.bounds.box.center = osg::Vec3f(-1, -2, -3);
-        mNode.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNode.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
 
         mNode2.hasBounds = true;
         mNode2.bounds.type = Nif::NiBoundingVolume::Type::BOX_BV;
         mNode2.bounds.box.extents = osg::Vec3f(4, 5, 6);
         mNode2.bounds.box.center = osg::Vec3f(-4, -5, -6);
-        mNode2.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNode2.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
 
         mNiNode.hasBounds = true;
         mNiNode.bounds.type = Nif::NiBoundingVolume::Type::BOX_BV;
@@ -605,14 +605,14 @@ namespace
         mNode.bounds.type = Nif::NiBoundingVolume::Type::BOX_BV;
         mNode.bounds.box.extents = osg::Vec3f(1, 2, 3);
         mNode.bounds.box.center = osg::Vec3f(-1, -2, -3);
-        mNode.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNode.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
 
         mNode2.hasBounds = true;
         mNode2.flags |= Nif::NiNode::Flag_BBoxCollision;
         mNode2.bounds.type = Nif::NiBoundingVolume::Type::BOX_BV;
         mNode2.bounds.box.extents = osg::Vec3f(4, 5, 6);
         mNode2.bounds.box.center = osg::Vec3f(-4, -5, -6);
-        mNode2.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNode2.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
 
         mNiNode.hasBounds = true;
         mNiNode.bounds.type = Nif::NiBoundingVolume::Type::BOX_BV;
@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@ namespace
 
     TEST_F(TestBulletNifLoader, for_tri_shape_child_node_should_return_shape_with_triangle_mesh_shape)
     {
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
 
         EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, numRoots()).WillOnce(Return(1));
@@ -710,9 +710,9 @@ namespace
     TEST_F(TestBulletNifLoader, for_nested_tri_shape_child_should_return_shape_with_triangle_mesh_shape)
     {
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiNode2)}));
-        mNiNode2.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiNode2.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode2.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode2;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode2);
 
         EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, numRoots()).WillOnce(Return(1));
         EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, getRoot(0)).WillOnce(Return(&mNiNode));
@@ -729,8 +729,8 @@ namespace
 
     TEST_F(TestBulletNifLoader, for_two_tri_shape_children_should_return_shape_with_triangle_mesh_shape_with_all_meshes)
     {
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
-        mNiTriShape2.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
+        mNiTriShape2.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({
             Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape),
             Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape2)
@@ -753,7 +753,7 @@ namespace
     TEST_F(TestBulletNifLoader, for_tri_shape_child_node_and_filename_starting_with_x_and_not_empty_skin_should_return_shape_with_triangle_mesh_shape)
     {
         mNiTriShape.skin = Nif::NiSkinInstancePtr(&mNiSkinInstance);
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
 
         EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, numRoots()).WillOnce(Return(1));
@@ -796,7 +796,7 @@ namespace
     {
         copy(mTransform, mNiTriShape.trafo);
         mNiTriShape.trafo.scale = 3;
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
         mNiNode.trafo.scale = 4;
 
@@ -822,11 +822,11 @@ namespace
     {
         copy(mTransform, mNiTriShape.trafo);
         mNiTriShape.trafo.scale = 3;
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
 
         copy(mTransform, mNiTriShape2.trafo);
         mNiTriShape2.trafo.scale = 3;
-        mNiTriShape2.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape2.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
 
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({
             Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape),
@@ -864,7 +864,7 @@ namespace
         mController.flags |= Nif::NiNode::ControllerFlag_Active;
         copy(mTransform, mNiTriShape.trafo);
         mNiTriShape.trafo.scale = 3;
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiTriShape.controller = Nif::ControllerPtr(&mController);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
         mNiNode.trafo.scale = 4;
@@ -893,10 +893,10 @@ namespace
         mController.flags |= Nif::NiNode::ControllerFlag_Active;
         copy(mTransform, mNiTriShape.trafo);
         mNiTriShape.trafo.scale = 3;
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         copy(mTransform, mNiTriShape2.trafo);
         mNiTriShape2.trafo.scale = 3;
-        mNiTriShape2.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape2.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiTriShape2.controller = Nif::ControllerPtr(&mController);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({
             Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape),
@@ -931,7 +931,7 @@ namespace
 
     TEST_F(TestBulletNifLoader, should_add_static_mesh_to_existing_compound_mesh)
     {
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
 
         EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, numRoots()).WillOnce(Return(2));
@@ -959,7 +959,7 @@ namespace
 
     TEST_F(TestBulletNifLoader, for_root_avoid_node_and_tri_shape_child_node_should_return_shape_with_null_collision_shape)
     {
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
         mNiNode.recType = Nif::RC_AvoidNode;
 
@@ -979,7 +979,7 @@ namespace
     TEST_F(TestBulletNifLoader, for_tri_shape_child_node_with_empty_data_should_return_shape_with_null_collision_shape)
     {
         mNiTriShape.data = Nif::NiGeometryDataPtr(nullptr);
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
 
         EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, numRoots()).WillOnce(Return(1));
@@ -996,7 +996,7 @@ namespace
     {
         auto data = static_cast<Nif::NiTriShapeData*>(mNiTriShape.data.getPtr());
         data->triangles.clear();
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
 
         EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, numRoots()).WillOnce(Return(1));
@@ -1014,7 +1014,7 @@ namespace
         mNiStringExtraData.string = "NC___";
         mNiStringExtraData.recType = Nif::RC_NiStringExtraData;
         mNiTriShape.extra = Nif::ExtraPtr(&mNiStringExtraData);
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
 
         EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, numRoots()).WillOnce(Return(1));
@@ -1033,7 +1033,7 @@ namespace
         mNiStringExtraData2.string = "NC___";
         mNiStringExtraData2.recType = Nif::RC_NiStringExtraData;
         mNiTriShape.extra = Nif::ExtraPtr(&mNiStringExtraData);
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
 
         EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, numRoots()).WillOnce(Return(1));
@@ -1051,7 +1051,7 @@ namespace
         mNiStringExtraData.string = "MRK";
         mNiStringExtraData.recType = Nif::RC_NiStringExtraData;
         mNiTriShape.extra = Nif::ExtraPtr(&mNiStringExtraData);
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
 
         EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, numRoots()).WillOnce(Return(1));
@@ -1069,10 +1069,10 @@ namespace
         mNiStringExtraData.string = "MRK";
         mNiStringExtraData.recType = Nif::RC_NiStringExtraData;
         mNiTriShape.extra = Nif::ExtraPtr(&mNiStringExtraData);
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode2;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode2);
         mNiNode2.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
         mNiNode2.recType = Nif::RC_RootCollisionNode;
-        mNiNode2.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiNode2.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiNode2)}));
         mNiNode.recType = Nif::RC_NiNode;
 
@@ -1163,7 +1163,7 @@ namespace
 
     TEST_F(TestBulletNifLoader, for_avoid_collision_mesh_should_ignore_tri_strips_data_with_less_than_3_strips)
     {
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
         mNiNode.recType = Nif::RC_AvoidNode;
         mNiTriStripsData.strips.front() = {0, 1};
@@ -1181,7 +1181,7 @@ namespace
     TEST_F(TestBulletNifLoader, for_animated_mesh_should_ignore_tri_strips_data_with_less_than_3_strips)
     {
         mNiTriStripsData.strips.front() = {0, 1};
-        mNiTriStrips.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriStrips.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriStrips)}));
 
         EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, numRoots()).WillOnce(Return(1));
@@ -1197,7 +1197,7 @@ namespace
     TEST_F(TestBulletNifLoader, should_not_add_static_mesh_with_no_triangles_to_compound_shape)
     {
         mNiTriStripsData.strips.front() = {0, 1};
-        mNiTriShape.parent = &mNiNode;
+        mNiTriShape.parents.push_back(&mNiNode);
         mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
 
         EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, numRoots()).WillOnce(Return(2));
@@ -1218,4 +1218,54 @@ namespace
 
         EXPECT_EQ(*result, expected);
     }
+
+    TEST_F(TestBulletNifLoader, should_handle_node_with_multiple_parents)
+    {
+        copy(mTransform, mNiTriShape.trafo);
+        mNiTriShape.trafo.scale = 4;
+        mNiTriShape.parents = {&mNiNode, &mNiNode2};
+        mNiNode.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
+        mNiNode.trafo.scale = 2;
+        mNiNode2.children = Nif::NodeList(std::vector<Nif::NodePtr>({Nif::NodePtr(&mNiTriShape)}));
+        mNiNode2.trafo.scale = 3;
+
+        EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, numRoots()).WillOnce(Return(2));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, getRoot(0)).WillOnce(Return(&mNiNode));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, getRoot(1)).WillOnce(Return(&mNiNode2));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mNifFile, getFilename()).WillOnce(Return("xtest.nif"));
+        const auto result = mLoader.load(mNifFile);
+
+        std::unique_ptr<btTriangleMesh> triangles1(new btTriangleMesh(false));
+        triangles1->addTriangle(btVector3(0, 0, 0), btVector3(1, 0, 0), btVector3(1, 1, 0));
+        std::unique_ptr<Resource::TriangleMeshShape> mesh1(new Resource::TriangleMeshShape(triangles1.release(), true));
+        mesh1->setLocalScaling(btVector3(8, 8, 8));
+        std::unique_ptr<btTriangleMesh> triangles2(new btTriangleMesh(false));
+        triangles2->addTriangle(btVector3(0, 0, 0), btVector3(1, 0, 0), btVector3(1, 1, 0));
+        std::unique_ptr<Resource::TriangleMeshShape> mesh2(new Resource::TriangleMeshShape(triangles2.release(), true));
+        mesh2->setLocalScaling(btVector3(12, 12, 12));
+        std::unique_ptr<btCompoundShape> shape(new btCompoundShape);
+        const btTransform transform1 {
+            btMatrix3x3(
+                1, 0, 0,
+                0, 0.8004512795493964327775415767973754555, 0.59939782204119995689950428641168400645,
+                0, -0.59939782204119995689950428641168400645, 0.8004512795493964327775415767973754555
+            ),
+            btVector3(2, 4, 6)
+        };
+        const btTransform transform2 {
+            btMatrix3x3(
+                1, 0, 0,
+                0, 0.79515431915808965079861536651151254773, 0.60640713116208888600056070572463795543,
+                0, -0.60640713116208888600056070572463795543, 0.79515431915808965079861536651151254773
+            ),
+            btVector3(3, 6, 9)
+        };
+        shape->addChildShape(transform1, mesh1.release());
+        shape->addChildShape(transform2, mesh2.release());
+        Resource::BulletShape expected;
+        expected.mCollisionShape.reset(shape.release());
+        expected.mAnimatedShapes = {{-1, 0}};
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(*result, expected);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/components/nif/node.hpp b/components/nif/node.hpp
index 7e5bcdb3be..31eb63144c 100644
--- a/components/nif/node.hpp
+++ b/components/nif/node.hpp
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ struct Node : public Named
         if (nif->getVersion() >= NIFStream::generateVersion(10,0,1,0))
             collision.read(nif);
 
-        parent = nullptr;
+        parents.clear();
 
         isBone = false;
     }
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ struct Node : public Named
 
     // Parent node, or nullptr for the root node. As far as I'm aware, only
     // NiNodes (or types derived from NiNodes) can be parents.
-    NiNode *parent;
+    std::vector<NiNode*> parents;
 
     bool isBone{false};
 
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ struct NiNode : Node
         {
             // Why would a unique list of children contain empty refs?
             if(!children[i].empty())
-                children[i]->parent = this;
+                children[i]->parents.push_back(this);
         }
     }
 };
diff --git a/components/nif/parent.hpp b/components/nif/parent.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..afa540c8ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/components/nif/parent.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#ifndef OPENMW_COMPONENTS_NIF_PARENT_HPP
+#define OPENMW_COMPONENTS_NIF_PARENT_HPP
+
+namespace Nif
+{
+    struct NiNode;
+
+    struct Parent
+    {
+        const NiNode& mNiNode;
+        const Parent* mParent;
+    };
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/components/nifbullet/bulletnifloader.cpp b/components/nifbullet/bulletnifloader.cpp
index 4be07525a6..25079ad9e0 100644
--- a/components/nifbullet/bulletnifloader.cpp
+++ b/components/nifbullet/bulletnifloader.cpp
@@ -16,15 +16,17 @@
 #include <components/nif/node.hpp>
 #include <components/nif/data.hpp>
 #include <components/nif/extra.hpp>
+#include <components/nif/parent.hpp>
 
 namespace
 {
 
-osg::Matrixf getWorldTransform(const Nif::Node& node)
+osg::Matrixf getWorldTransform(const Nif::Node& node, const Nif::Parent* nodeParent)
 {
-    if(node.parent != nullptr)
-        return node.trafo.toMatrix() * getWorldTransform(*node.parent);
-    return node.trafo.toMatrix();
+    osg::Matrixf result = node.trafo.toMatrix();
+    for (const Nif::Parent* parent = nodeParent; parent != nullptr; parent = parent->mParent)
+        result *= parent->mNiNode.trafo.toMatrix();
+    return result;
 }
 
 bool pathFileNameStartsWithX(const std::string& path)
@@ -214,7 +216,7 @@ osg::ref_ptr<Resource::BulletShape> BulletNifLoader::load(const Nif::File& nif)
     for (const Nif::Node* node : roots)
     {
         bool autogenerated = hasAutoGeneratedCollision(*node);
-        handleNode(filename, *node, 0, autogenerated, isAnimated, autogenerated);
+        handleNode(filename, *node, nullptr, 0, autogenerated, isAnimated, autogenerated);
     }
 
     if (mCompoundShape)
@@ -305,8 +307,8 @@ bool BulletNifLoader::hasAutoGeneratedCollision(const Nif::Node& rootNode)
     return true;
 }
 
-void BulletNifLoader::handleNode(const std::string& fileName, const Nif::Node& node, int flags,
-        bool isCollisionNode, bool isAnimated, bool autogenerated, bool avoid)
+void BulletNifLoader::handleNode(const std::string& fileName, const Nif::Node& node, const Nif::Parent* parent,
+    int flags, bool isCollisionNode, bool isAnimated, bool autogenerated, bool avoid)
 {
     // TODO: allow on-the fly collision switching via toggling this flag
     if (node.recType == Nif::RC_NiCollisionSwitch && !(node.flags & Nif::NiNode::Flag_ActiveCollision))
@@ -361,7 +363,7 @@ void BulletNifLoader::handleNode(const std::string& fileName, const Nif::Node& n
                                 || node.recType == Nif::RC_NiTriStrips
                                 || node.recType == Nif::RC_BSLODTriShape))
         {
-            handleNiTriShape(node, flags, getWorldTransform(node), isAnimated, avoid);
+            handleNiTriShape(node, parent, flags, getWorldTransform(node, parent), isAnimated, avoid);
         }
     }
 
@@ -369,30 +371,31 @@ void BulletNifLoader::handleNode(const std::string& fileName, const Nif::Node& n
     if (const Nif::NiNode *ninode = dynamic_cast<const Nif::NiNode*>(&node))
     {
         const Nif::NodeList &list = ninode->children;
+        const Nif::Parent currentParent {*ninode, parent};
         for(size_t i = 0;i < list.length();i++)
         {
             if (list[i].empty())
                 continue;
 
-            assert(list[i].get().parent == &node);
-            handleNode(fileName, list[i].get(), flags, isCollisionNode, isAnimated, autogenerated, avoid);
+            assert(std::find(list[i]->parents.begin(), list[i]->parents.end(), ninode) != list[i]->parents.end());
+            handleNode(fileName, list[i].get(), &currentParent, flags, isCollisionNode, isAnimated, autogenerated, avoid);
         }
     }
 }
 
-void BulletNifLoader::handleNiTriShape(const Nif::Node& nifNode, int flags, const osg::Matrixf &transform,
-                                       bool isAnimated, bool avoid)
+void BulletNifLoader::handleNiTriShape(const Nif::Node& nifNode, const Nif::Parent* parent, int flags,
+    const osg::Matrixf &transform, bool isAnimated, bool avoid)
 {
     // If the object was marked "NCO" earlier, it shouldn't collide with
     // anything. So don't do anything.
     if ((flags & 0x800))
         return;
 
-    handleNiTriShape(static_cast<const Nif::NiGeometry&>(nifNode), transform, isAnimated, avoid);
+    handleNiTriShape(static_cast<const Nif::NiGeometry&>(nifNode), parent, transform, isAnimated, avoid);
 }
 
-void BulletNifLoader::handleNiTriShape(const Nif::NiGeometry& niGeometry, const osg::Matrixf &transform,
-    bool isAnimated, bool avoid)
+void BulletNifLoader::handleNiTriShape(const Nif::NiGeometry& niGeometry, const Nif::Parent* nodeParent,
+    const osg::Matrixf &transform, bool isAnimated, bool avoid)
 {
     if (niGeometry.data.empty() || niGeometry.data->vertices.empty())
         return;
@@ -413,8 +416,8 @@ void BulletNifLoader::handleNiTriShape(const Nif::NiGeometry& niGeometry, const
         childMesh.release();
 
         float scale = niGeometry.trafo.scale;
-        for (const Nif::Node* parent = niGeometry.parent; parent != nullptr; parent = parent->parent)
-            scale *= parent->trafo.scale;
+        for (const Nif::Parent* parent = nodeParent; parent != nullptr; parent = parent->mParent)
+            scale *= parent->mNiNode.trafo.scale;
         osg::Quat q = transform.getRotate();
         osg::Vec3f v = transform.getTrans();
         childShape->setLocalScaling(btVector3(scale, scale, scale));
diff --git a/components/nifbullet/bulletnifloader.hpp b/components/nifbullet/bulletnifloader.hpp
index e0fec338c6..01a17a5aa1 100644
--- a/components/nifbullet/bulletnifloader.hpp
+++ b/components/nifbullet/bulletnifloader.hpp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ namespace Nif
     struct NiTriShape;
     struct NiTriStrips;
     struct NiGeometry;
+    struct Parent;
 }
 
 namespace NifBullet
@@ -55,14 +56,16 @@ public:
 private:
     bool findBoundingBox(const Nif::Node& node, const std::string& filename);
 
-    void handleNode(const std::string& fileName, const Nif::Node& node, int flags, bool isCollisionNode,
-                    bool isAnimated=false, bool autogenerated=false, bool avoid=false);
+    void handleNode(const std::string& fileName, const Nif::Node& node, const Nif::Parent* parent, int flags,
+        bool isCollisionNode, bool isAnimated=false, bool autogenerated=false, bool avoid=false);
 
     bool hasAutoGeneratedCollision(const Nif::Node& rootNode);
 
-    void handleNiTriShape(const Nif::Node& nifNode, int flags, const osg::Matrixf& transform, bool isAnimated, bool avoid);
+    void handleNiTriShape(const Nif::Node& nifNode, const Nif::Parent* parent, int flags, const osg::Matrixf& transform,
+        bool isAnimated, bool avoid);
 
-    void handleNiTriShape(const Nif::NiGeometry& nifNode, const osg::Matrixf& transform, bool isAnimated, bool avoid);
+    void handleNiTriShape(const Nif::NiGeometry& nifNode, const Nif::Parent* parent, const osg::Matrixf& transform,
+        bool isAnimated, bool avoid);
 
     std::unique_ptr<btCompoundShape, Resource::DeleteCollisionShape> mCompoundShape;
 
diff --git a/components/nifosg/nifloader.cpp b/components/nifosg/nifloader.cpp
index 43af68fc90..67cb16b795 100644
--- a/components/nifosg/nifloader.cpp
+++ b/components/nifosg/nifloader.cpp
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include <components/misc/resourcehelpers.hpp>
 #include <components/resource/imagemanager.hpp>
 #include <components/misc/osguservalues.hpp>
+#include <components/nif/parent.hpp>
 
 // particle
 #include <osgParticle/ParticleSystem>
@@ -74,10 +75,10 @@ namespace
     }
 
     // Collect all properties affecting the given drawable that should be handled on drawable basis rather than on the node hierarchy above it.
-    void collectDrawableProperties(const Nif::Node* nifNode, std::vector<const Nif::Property*>& out)
+    void collectDrawableProperties(const Nif::Node* nifNode, const Nif::Parent* parent, std::vector<const Nif::Property*>& out)
     {
-        if (nifNode->parent)
-            collectDrawableProperties(nifNode->parent, out);
+        if (parent != nullptr)
+            collectDrawableProperties(&parent->mNiNode, parent->mParent, out);
         const Nif::PropertyList& props = nifNode->props;
         for (size_t i = 0; i <props.length();++i)
         {
@@ -300,7 +301,7 @@ namespace NifOsg
             created->setDataVariance(osg::Object::STATIC);
             for (const Nif::Node* root : roots)
             {
-                auto node = handleNode(root, nullptr, imageManager, std::vector<unsigned int>(), 0, false, false, false, &textkeys->mTextKeys);
+                auto node = handleNode(root, nullptr, nullptr, imageManager, std::vector<unsigned int>(), 0, false, false, false, &textkeys->mTextKeys);
                 created->addChild(node);
             }
             if (mHasNightDayLabel)
@@ -339,7 +340,7 @@ namespace NifOsg
                 {
                     // Get the lowest numbered recIndex of the NiTexturingProperty root node.
                     // This is what is overridden when a spell effect "particle texture" is used.
-                    if (nifNode->parent == nullptr && !mFoundFirstRootTexturingProperty && props[i].getPtr()->recType == Nif::RC_NiTexturingProperty)
+                    if (nifNode->parents.empty() && !mFoundFirstRootTexturingProperty && props[i].getPtr()->recType == Nif::RC_NiTexturingProperty)
                     {
                         mFirstRootTextureIndex = props[i].getPtr()->recIndex;
                         mFoundFirstRootTexturingProperty = true;
@@ -483,7 +484,7 @@ namespace NifOsg
                 // The Root node can be created as a Group if no transformation is required.
                 // This takes advantage of the fact root nodes can't have additional controllers
                 // loaded from an external .kf file (original engine just throws "can't find node" errors if you try).
-                if (!nifNode->parent && nifNode->controller.empty() && nifNode->trafo.isIdentity())
+                if (nifNode->parents.empty() && nifNode->controller.empty() && nifNode->trafo.isIdentity())
                     node = new osg::Group;
 
                 dataVariance = nifNode->isBone ? osg::Object::DYNAMIC : osg::Object::STATIC;
@@ -505,8 +506,10 @@ namespace NifOsg
             return node;
         }
 
-        osg::ref_ptr<osg::Node> handleNode(const Nif::Node* nifNode, osg::Group* parentNode, Resource::ImageManager* imageManager,
-                                std::vector<unsigned int> boundTextures, int animflags, bool skipMeshes, bool hasMarkers, bool hasAnimatedParents, SceneUtil::TextKeyMap* textKeys, osg::Node* rootNode=nullptr)
+        osg::ref_ptr<osg::Node> handleNode(const Nif::Node* nifNode, const Nif::Parent* parent, osg::Group* parentNode,
+            Resource::ImageManager* imageManager, std::vector<unsigned int> boundTextures, int animflags,
+            bool skipMeshes, bool hasMarkers, bool hasAnimatedParents, SceneUtil::TextKeyMap* textKeys,
+            osg::Node* rootNode=nullptr)
         {
             if (rootNode != nullptr && Misc::StringUtils::ciEqual(nifNode->name, "Bounding Box"))
                 return nullptr;
@@ -615,9 +618,9 @@ namespace NifOsg
                     Nif::NiSkinInstancePtr skin = static_cast<const Nif::NiGeometry*>(nifNode)->skin;
 
                     if (skin.empty())
-                        handleGeometry(nifNode, node, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
+                        handleGeometry(nifNode, parent, node, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
                     else
-                        handleSkinnedGeometry(nifNode, node, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
+                        handleSkinnedGeometry(nifNode, parent, node, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
 
                     if (!nifNode->controller.empty())
                         handleMeshControllers(nifNode, node, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
@@ -625,7 +628,7 @@ namespace NifOsg
             }
 
             if (nifNode->recType == Nif::RC_NiParticles)
-                handleParticleSystem(nifNode, node, composite, animflags);
+                handleParticleSystem(nifNode, parent, node, composite, animflags);
 
             if (composite->getNumControllers() > 0)
             {
@@ -681,10 +684,11 @@ namespace NifOsg
                 }
 
                 const Nif::NodeList &children = ninode->children;
+                const Nif::Parent currentParent {*ninode, parent};
                 for(size_t i = 0;i < children.length();++i)
                 {
                     if(!children[i].empty())
-                        handleNode(children[i].getPtr(), currentNode, imageManager, boundTextures, animflags, skipMeshes, hasMarkers, hasAnimatedParents, textKeys, rootNode);
+                        handleNode(children[i].getPtr(), &currentParent, currentNode, imageManager, boundTextures, animflags, skipMeshes, hasMarkers, hasAnimatedParents, textKeys, rootNode);
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1026,7 +1030,8 @@ namespace NifOsg
             mEmitterQueue.clear();
         }
 
-        void handleParticleSystem(const Nif::Node *nifNode, osg::Group *parentNode, SceneUtil::CompositeStateSetUpdater* composite, int animflags)
+        void handleParticleSystem(const Nif::Node *nifNode, const Nif::Parent* parent, osg::Group *parentNode,
+            SceneUtil::CompositeStateSetUpdater* composite, int animflags)
         {
             osg::ref_ptr<ParticleSystem> partsys (new ParticleSystem);
             partsys->setSortMode(osgParticle::ParticleSystem::SORT_BACK_TO_FRONT);
@@ -1095,7 +1100,7 @@ namespace NifOsg
             handleParticlePrograms(partctrl->affectors, partctrl->colliders, parentNode, partsys.get(), rf);
 
             std::vector<const Nif::Property*> drawableProps;
-            collectDrawableProperties(nifNode, drawableProps);
+            collectDrawableProperties(nifNode, parent, drawableProps);
             applyDrawableProperties(parentNode, drawableProps, composite, true, animflags);
 
             // particle system updater (after the emitters and affectors in the scene graph)
@@ -1146,7 +1151,9 @@ namespace NifOsg
             }
         }
 
-        void handleNiGeometry(const Nif::Node *nifNode, osg::Geometry *geometry, osg::Node* parentNode, SceneUtil::CompositeStateSetUpdater* composite, const std::vector<unsigned int>& boundTextures, int animflags)
+        void handleNiGeometry(const Nif::Node *nifNode, const Nif::Parent* parent, osg::Geometry *geometry,
+            osg::Node* parentNode, SceneUtil::CompositeStateSetUpdater* composite,
+            const std::vector<unsigned int>& boundTextures, int animflags)
         {
             const Nif::NiGeometry* niGeometry = static_cast<const Nif::NiGeometry*>(nifNode);
             if (niGeometry->data.empty())
@@ -1198,15 +1205,17 @@ namespace NifOsg
             // - there are 3 "overlapping" nif properties that all affect the osg::Material, handling them
             //   above the actual renderable would be tedious.
             std::vector<const Nif::Property*> drawableProps;
-            collectDrawableProperties(nifNode, drawableProps);
+            collectDrawableProperties(nifNode, parent, drawableProps);
             applyDrawableProperties(parentNode, drawableProps, composite, !niGeometryData->colors.empty(), animflags);
         }
 
-        void handleGeometry(const Nif::Node* nifNode, osg::Group* parentNode, SceneUtil::CompositeStateSetUpdater* composite, const std::vector<unsigned int>& boundTextures, int animflags)
+        void handleGeometry(const Nif::Node* nifNode, const Nif::Parent* parent, osg::Group* parentNode,
+            SceneUtil::CompositeStateSetUpdater* composite, const std::vector<unsigned int>& boundTextures,
+            int animflags)
         {
             assert(isTypeGeometry(nifNode->recType));
             osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> geom (new osg::Geometry);
-            handleNiGeometry(nifNode, geom, parentNode, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
+            handleNiGeometry(nifNode, parent, geom, parentNode, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
             // If the record had no valid geometry data in it, early-out
             if (geom->empty())
                 return;
@@ -1250,12 +1259,12 @@ namespace NifOsg
             return morphGeom;
         }
 
-        void handleSkinnedGeometry(const Nif::Node *nifNode, osg::Group *parentNode, SceneUtil::CompositeStateSetUpdater* composite,
-                                          const std::vector<unsigned int>& boundTextures, int animflags)
+        void handleSkinnedGeometry(const Nif::Node *nifNode, const Nif::Parent* parent, osg::Group *parentNode,
+            SceneUtil::CompositeStateSetUpdater* composite, const std::vector<unsigned int>& boundTextures, int animflags)
         {
             assert(isTypeGeometry(nifNode->recType));
             osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> geometry (new osg::Geometry);
-            handleNiGeometry(nifNode, geometry, parentNode, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
+            handleNiGeometry(nifNode, parent, geometry, parentNode, composite, boundTextures, animflags);
             if (geometry->empty())
                 return;
             osg::ref_ptr<SceneUtil::RigGeometry> rig(new SceneUtil::RigGeometry);